Amabhuloho ukusungulwa okukhulu emlandweni wesintu. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo lapho abantu besebenzisa izihlahla ezigayiwe namatshe agcwele ukuwela imigwaqo yamanzi kanye nemifula, ekusebenziseni amabhuloho ama-arch ngisho namabhuloho ahlala ngentambo, ukuvela kwemvelo kuye kwamangalisa. Ukuvulwa kwakamuva kweHong Kong-Zhuhai-Macaao Bridge kumaka umugqa obalulekile emlandweni wamabhuloho. Ekusetshenzisweni kwebhuloho lanamuhla, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa izinhlaka zokhonkolo eziqinisiwe, izinto zensimbi, ikakhulukazi ama-alloys we-aluminium, ziye zaba ukukhetha okujwayelekile ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngo-1933, i-Aluminium Alloy Bridge Deck yasungulwa ebhulohweni liqala umfula ePittsburgh e-United States. Ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi kamuva, ngo-1949, eCanada aqedele ibhuloho le-Aluminium we-Aluminium ethatha uhambo lweSaguenay eQuebec, eline-span eyodwa efinyelela kumamitha ayi-88.4. Leli bhuloho laliyizinhlaka zokuqala ze-Aluminium Alloy. Ibhuloho lalinama-piers acishe abe ngamamitha ayi-15 aphezulu nemizila emibili yokuhamba ngezimoto. Isebenzise i-2014-T6 Aluminium Alloy futhi yayinesisindo esiphelele samathani ayi-163. Uma kuqhathaniswa nebhuloho lensimbi elihleliwe, kwanciphisa isisindo cishe ngama-56%.
Kusukela lapho, umkhuba wamabhuloho we-Aluminium Alloy aqediwe. Phakathi kuka-1949 no-1985, i-United Kingdom yakha cishe amabhuloho ahlukene angama-35, ngenkathi iJalimane yakha cishe amabhuloho angama-20 phakathi kuka-1950 no-1970.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi, izinto ze-aluminium alloy zinobunzima obuphansi, zibenze bakhale kakhulu, kube nama-34% kuphela wesisindo sensimbi ethango. Kodwa-ke, zinezici zamandla ezifana nensimbi. Ngokwengeziwe, ama-alloys we-aluminium abonisa ubuhlakani obuhle kakhulu nokumelana nokugqwala ngenkathi unezindleko eziphansi zokulungisa izakhiwo. Ngenxa yalokhu, bathole uhlelo lokusebenza olubanzi ekwakheni kwebhuloho lesimanje.
I-China yenze izinyathelo ezibalulekile ekwakheni ibhuloho. I-Zhaozhou Bridge, imele iminyaka engaphezu kwe-1500, ingenye yezimpumelelo zePinacle of China Bridge Engineering. Esikhathini sanamuhla, ngosizo lweSoviet Union, iChina yakha futhi amabhuloho ambalwa e-Yangtze e-Nanjing naseWuhan, kanye nePearl River Bridge eGuangzhou. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhuloho we-aluminium alloy eChina kubonakala kukhawulelwe. Ibhuloho lokuqala le-Aluminium Alloy e-China kwakuyibhuloho labahamba ngezinyawo e-Qingchun Road e-Hangzhou, elakhiwe ngo-2007. Leli bhuloho lakhiwe futhi lifakwe yi-Germany Engiloji. Ngawo lowo nyaka, ibhuloho labahamba ngezinyawo e-xujiahui, eShanghai, lakhiwa ngokuphelele futhi lakhiwa mali esebenzisa izakhiwo ze-aluminium alloy. Ngokuyinhloko wasebenzisa i-Aluminium Alluminium engama-6061
Esikhathini esizayo, amabhuloho we-aluminium alloy anamathemba amakhulu okuthuthuka eChina ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
I-1 China yesitimela ephezulu yesikebhe iyakhula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezifunda zaseNtshonalanga ezinezigodi nemifula eminingi. Amabhuloho we-Aluminium Alloy, ngenxa yokuthekelisa kwawo kwezokuhamba nezakhiwo ezingasindi, kulindeleke ukuba abe nemakethe ebalulekile engaba khona.
Izinto ezi-2 zensimbi zithambekele ekugqwayineni futhi zisebenze kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ukugqwala kwensimbi kuthinta kakhulu ukuqina kwebhuloho, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme zokugcina kanye nezingozi zokuphepha. Ngokuphambene, izinto ze-aluminium alloy zinokumelana okuqinile kokugqwala futhi zenze kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kubenze balungele isimo sezulu esihlukahlukene futhi siqinisekise ukuqina kokuphela kwesikhathi eside. Ngenkathi amabhuloho we-Aluminium Alloy angaba nezindleko eziphakeme zokwakha zokuqala, izindleko zazo zokulungiswa okuphansi zingasiza ukunciphisa igebe lezindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3 Ucwaningo kumaphaneli we-Aluminium Bridge, ngobunye nakwamanye amazwe, athuthukiswe kahle, futhi lezi zinto zokwakha zisetshenziswa kabanzi. Ukuthuthuka ocwaningweni lwezinto ezibonakalayo kunikeza isiqinisekiso sobuchwepheshe sokuthuthukisa ama-alloys amasha ahlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukile zokusebenza. Abakhiqizi be-Aluminium baseChinese, kufaka phakathi imidondoshiya yezimboni efana nokubuyanga iZhongang, kancane kancane bashintshe ukugxila kwabo kumaphrofayili we-aluminium zezimboni, babeka isisekelo sokwakhiwa kwebhuloho le-aluminium alloy.
4 Ukwakhiwa okusheshayo kwedolobha elingaphansi kwamadolobha ase-Chinese kubeka izidingo eziqinile zezakhiwo ezivela phezulu. Ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo ezibalulekile zesisindo, kuyabonakala ukuthi ama-aluminium alloy ahamba ngezinyawo namabhuloho amakhulu azokwakhiwa futhi asetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.
Kuhlelwe ngoMeyi Jiang kusuka ku-Mat Aluminium
Isikhathi sePosi: Meyi-15-2024
