1. ukuncipha
Ekupheleni komsila weminye imikhiqizo ekhishwe, lapho kuhlolwa amandla aphansi, kukhona into efana necilongo yezendlalelo ezihlukene phakathi kwesigaba esiphambanayo, esibizwa ngokuthi ukushwabana.
Ngokuvamile, umsila oshwabene wemikhiqizo ye-extrusion eya phambili mude kunalowo we-reverse extrusion, futhi umsila wokuncipha we-alloy ethambile mude kunalowo we-alloy eqinile. Umsila oshwabene wemikhiqizo ye-forward extrusion ubonakala kakhulu njengongqimba olungahlanganisiwe lwe-annular, kuyilapho umsila oshwabene wemikhiqizo ye-extrusion ehlehlayo ibonakala kakhulu njengokuma kwefaneli emaphakathi.
Lapho insimbi ikhishwa ekupheleni kwangemuva, isikhumba se-ingot kanye nokufakwa kwamanye amazwe kuqoqwe ekhoneni elifile le-cylinder extrusion noma ku-gasket kugeleza emkhiqizweni ukuze kwakhiwe umsila wesibili wokunciphisa; lapho izinto ezisele ziyimfushane kakhulu futhi ukuncipha phakathi nendawo yomkhiqizo akwanele, uhlobo lomsila wokuncipha luyakhiwa. Kusukela ekupheleni komsila kuya phambili, umsila oncipha kancane kancane uba lula futhi unyamalale ngokuphelele.
Imbangela enkulu yokuncipha
1) Izinto ezisele zifushane kakhulu noma ubude bomsila womkhiqizo abuhlangabezani nezidingo. I-2) I-extrusion pad ayihlanzekile futhi inamabala amafutha. 3) Esigabeni sakamuva se-extrusion, isivinini se-extrusion sishesha kakhulu noma sikhuphuka ngokuzumayo. 4) Sebenzisa i-extrusion pad ekhubazekile (iphedi elineqhubu phakathi). 5) Izinga lokushisa lomgqomo we-extrusion liphezulu kakhulu. I-6) Umgqomo we-extrusion kanye ne-extrusion shaft ayigxili. I-7) Ingaphezulu le-ingot ayihlanzekile futhi inamabala amafutha. Izimila nokugoqa okuhlukanisayo akukasuswa. I-8) I-sleeve yangaphakathi yombhobho we-extrusion ayibushelelezi noma ikhubazekile, futhi i-lining yangaphakathi ayihlanzwa ngesikhathi nge-pad yokuhlanza.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
I-1) Shiya izinto ezisele bese usike umsila ngokuya ngemithethonqubo 2) Gcina amathuluzi futhi ufa uhlanzekile 3) Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yendawo ye-ingot 4) Lawula ngokufanelekile izinga lokushisa lokukhipha kanye nesivinini ukuze uqinisekise ukuphuma okubushelelezi 5) Ngaphandle kwezimo ezikhethekile, kuba kwenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukusebenzisa amafutha ebusweni bamathuluzi kanye nezibunjwa 6) Pholisa i-gasket kahle.
2. Indandatho yokusanhlamvu eqinile
Ezingcezuni zokuhlola ezikhulisa kancane zeminye imikhiqizo ye-aluminium ekhishwe ingxubevange ngemva kokwelashwa kwesixazululo, indawo yesakhiwo sokusanhlamvu esimahhadlahhadla yakhiwa eduze komphetho womkhiqizo, obizwa ngokuthi indandatho yokusanhlamvu emahhadla. Ngenxa yomumo womkhiqizo ohlukene nezindlela zokucubungula, izindandatho zokusanhlamvu ezimahhadla kwindandatho, i-arc nezinye izinhlobo zingakhiwa. Ukujula kweringi yezinhlamvu ezimahhadla kwehla kancane kancane ukusuka ekugcineni komsila kuye ekugcineni kuze kube yilapho inyamalala ngokuphelele. Indlela yokwakheka iwukuthi indawo yokusanhlamvu engaphansi eyakhiwe phezu komkhiqizo ngemva kokukhishwa okushisayo yakha indawo yokusanhlamvu emahhadlahhaza eyenziwe kabusha ngemva kokushisisa nokwelashwa kwesixazululo.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zamarhashalala okusanhlamvu ring
1) I-extrusion deformation engalingani 2) Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu kokushisa kanye nesikhathi eside sokubamba kubangela ukukhula okusanhlamvu 3) Ukwakheka kwekhemikhali ye-alloy engenangqondo 4) Ngokuvamile, ama-alloys aqinisa ukushisa azokhiqiza izindandatho zokusanhlamvu ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, ikakhulukazi i-6a02, 2a50 nezinye. ama-alloys. Inkinga ibucayi kakhulu ezinhlotsheni nemigoqo, engakwazi ukuqedwa futhi ingalawulwa kuphela phakathi kwebanga elithile 5) I-extrusion deformation incane noma ayanele, noma isebangeni lokuguqulwa elibucayi, elijwayele ukukhiqiza okusanhlamvu okuqinile. izindandatho.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
I-1) Udonga lwangaphakathi lwesilinda e-extrusion lubushelelezi ukwenza umkhono we-aluminium ophelele ukuze unciphise ukungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokukhipha. I-2) I-deformation igcwele futhi ifana ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izinga lokushisa, isivinini kanye neminye imingcele yenqubo ilawulwa ngokunengqondo. 3) Gwema izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lokwelashwa kwesisombululo noma isikhathi eside sokubamba. I-4) Ukukhipha nge-porous die. 5) I-Extrusion nge-extrusion ehlanekezelwe kanye ne-static extrusion. 6) Ukukhiqizwa ngesisombululo sokwelashwa-ukudweba-ukuguga indlela. 7) Lungisa ukwakheka kwegolide okugcwele futhi wandise izakhi zokuvimbela icrystallization. 8) Sebenzisa i-extrusion yokushisa ephezulu. 9) Amanye ama-alloy ingots awaphathwa ngendlela efanayo, futhi indandatho yokusanhlamvu eqinile ayishoni ngesikhathi sokukhishwa.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa
Lesi yisici se-skin delamination esakhiwe lapho insimbi igeleza ngokulinganayo futhi ingaphezulu le-ingot ligelezela emkhiqizweni eduze kwesixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwesikhunta nendawo yokunwebeka yangaphambili. Ocezwini lokuhlola lokukhulisa okuphansi oluvundlile, libonakala njengesici esingahlanganisiwe sesendlalelo emaphethelweni esigaba esiphambanayo.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-stratification
I-1) Kukhona ukungcola ebusweni be-ingot noma kukhona ama-aggregates amakhulu okuhlukanisa ebusweni be-ingot ngaphandle kwesikhumba semoto, izimila zensimbi, njll, ezijwayele ukubeka izingqimba. I-2) Kukhona ama-burrs ebusweni bendawo engenalutho noma amafutha, sawdust nokunye ukungcola okunamathele kuwo, futhi akuhlanzwa ngaphambi kokukhishwa. Hlanza 3) Isikhundla somgodi wokufa asinangqondo, eduze nomkhawulo wombhobho we-extrusion 4) Ithuluzi lokukhipha ligugile kakhulu noma kukhona ukungcola emgqonyeni we-extrusion bushing, engahlanjululwa futhi engashintshwa ngesikhathi 5) umehluko wobubanzi bephedi ye-extrusion mkhulu kakhulu 6 ) Izinga lokushisa lomphongolo we-extrusion liphezulu kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa le-ingot.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Dala isikhunta ngokufanele, hlola futhi ubeke amathuluzi angafanelekile ngesikhathi esifanele 2) Ungafaki ingots engafaneleki esithandweni somlilo 3) Ngemva kokusika izinto ezisele, zihlanze futhi ungavumeli amafutha okugcoba ukuba anamathele kuwo 4) Gcina ulwelwesi lomgqomo we-extrusion luqinile, Noma sebenzisa i-gasket ukuhlanza ulwelwesi ngesikhathi.
4. Ukushisela okubi
Isenzeko se-weld stratification noma ukuhlanganiswa okungaphelele ekushiseleni kwemikhiqizo engenalutho ekhishwa ngokuhlukana okuhlukene kubizwa ngokuthi ukushisela okungalungile.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokushisela okubi
1) I-extrusion coefficient encane, izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-extrusion, kanye nesivinini sokukhipha ngokushesha 2) Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingcolile zokukhipha noma amathuluzi 3) Ukugcoba isikhunta 4) Ukuklama okungalungile kwesikhunta, ukucindezela kwe-hydrostatic okwanele noma okungalingani, umklamo wembobo engenangqondo 5) Amabala anamafutha ebusweni we ingot.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Khulisa ngokufanelekile i-coefficient ye-extrusion, izinga lokushisa lokukhipha, kanye nesivinini sokukhipha 2) Yakha ngokunengqondo futhi ukhiqize isikhunta 3) Ungafaki i-oyili isilinda sokukhipha kanye ne-extrusion gasket futhi uzigcine zihlanzekile 4) Sebenzisa ama-ingots anezindawo ezihlanzekile.
5. Imifantu ye-Extrusion
Lokhu ukuqhekeka okuncane okumise okwe-arc onqenqemeni locezu lokuhlola oluvundlile lomkhiqizo okhishiwe, kanye nokuqhekeka ngezikhathi ezithile nge-engeli ethile ngokuhambisana nendawo yayo ye-longitudinal. Ezimweni ezithambile, kufihlwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba, futhi ezimweni ezinzima, indawo yangaphandle yakha ukuqhekeka kwe-serrated, okuzolimaza kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwensimbi. Ukuqhekeka kwe-Extrusion kwakheka lapho ingaphezulu lensimbi lidatshulwa ukucindezela kwezikhathi ezithile okusuka odongeni lokufa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqhekeka kwe-extrusion
1) Isivinini sokukhipha sishesha kakhulu 2) Izinga lokushisa lokukhipha liphezulu kakhulu 3) Isivinini sokukhipha sishintshashintsha kakhulu 4) Izinga lokushisa lempahla eluhlaza ekhishwe liphezulu kakhulu 5) Lapho i-extruding ene-porous dies, ukufa kuhlelwe eduze kakhulu nendawo, okuholela ekutholakaleni kwensimbi okunganele phakathi nendawo, okuholela kumehluko omkhulu kusilinganiso sokugeleza phakathi kwesikhungo nonqenqema 6) I-ingot homogenization annealing ayikho kuhle.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Sebenzisa ngokuqinile ukucaciswa okuhlukahlukene kokushisisa nokukhipha 2) Hlola njalo amathuluzi nezinto zokusebenza ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile 3) Shintsha ukwakheka kwesikhunta futhi usebenze ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kwebhuloho lokukhunta, igumbi lokushisela kanye ne-edge radius kufanele kube okunengqondo 4) Nciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-sodium ku-aluminium ephezulu ye-magnesium 5) Yenza i-homogenization annealing ku-ingot ukuze uthuthukise ipulasitiki yayo kanye nokufana.
6. Amabhamuza
Isici lapho insimbi engaphezulu yendawo ihlukaniswa khona ngokuqhubekayo noma ngokungaqhubeki nesisekelo sensimbi futhi ibonakala njengengxenyekazi eyindilinga eyodwa noma emise okumise okwe-strip ibizwa ngokuthi ibhamuza.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zamabhamuza
I-1) Ngesikhathi se-extrusion, i-cylinder extrusion kanye ne-extrusion pad iqukethe umswakama, amafutha nokunye ukungcola. I-2) Ngenxa yokugqoka kwe-cylinder extrusion, umoya phakathi kwengxenye egugile kanye ne-ingot ingena endaweni yensimbi ngesikhathi sokukhipha. 3) Kukhona ukungcola ku-lubricant. Umswakama 4) Isakhiwo se-ingot ngokwaso sikhululekile futhi sinokukhubazeka kwe-pore. I-5) Izinga lokushisa lokwelapha ukushisa liphezulu kakhulu, isikhathi sokubamba side kakhulu, futhi umswakama womkhathi esithandweni uphakeme. 6) Okuqukethwe kwegesi emkhiqizweni kuphezulu kakhulu. 7) Izinga lokushisa lomgqomo we-extrusion kanye nezinga lokushisa le-ingot liphezulu kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Gcina izindawo ezingaphezulu zamathuluzi nezinsimbi zihlanzekile, zibushelelezi futhi zomile 2) Dala kahle izilinganiso ezihambisanayo zesilinda sokukhipha kanye ne-extrusion gasket. Hlola ubukhulu bethuluzi njalo. Lungisa isilinda se-extrusion ngesikhathi lapho sikhukhumala, futhi i-extrusion pad ayikwazi ukuphuma ekubekezeleleni. 3) Qinisekisa ukuthi okokugcoba kuhlanzekile futhi komile. I-4) Gcina ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza zenqubo ye-extrusion, khipha umoya ngesikhathi, usike ngendlela efanele, ungasebenzisi amafutha, susa kahle izinto ezisele, futhi ugcine isikhunta esingenalutho nethuluzi sihlanzekile futhi singenakho ukungcola.
7. Ukucwecwa
lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo kwenzeka khona phakathi kwensimbi engaphezulu kanye nesisekelo sensimbi yemikhiqizo ye-aluminium alloy extruded.
Isizathu esikhulu sokuxebuka
I-1) Lapho ushintsha i-alloy ye-extrusion, udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho we-extrusion lunamathele ku-bushing okwakhiwa yinsimbi yokuqala futhi ayihlanzwa kahle. I-2) Umgqomo we-extrusion kanye ne-extrusion pad akuhambisani kahle, futhi kukhona ulwelwesi lwensimbi olusele endaweni odongeni lwangaphakathi lombhobho we-extrusion. 3) Umphongolo we-extrusion ogcotshiwe usetshenziselwa ukukhishwa. I-4) Insimbi inamathele emgodini wokufa noma ibhande lokusebenza lide kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Lapho ukhipha i-alloy entsha, umgqomo we-extrusion kufanele uhlanzwe kahle. 2) Dala ngokunengqondo ubukhulu obufanayo bomgqomo we-extrusion kanye ne-extrusion gasket, hlola njalo ubukhulu bethuluzi, futhi i-extrusion gasket akumele idlule ukubekezelelana. 3) Hlanza insimbi esele esibunjeni ngesikhathi.
8. Ukuklwebheka
Ukuklwebheka kwemishini ngendlela yemigqa eyodwa ebangelwa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezicijile kanye nengaphezulu lomkhiqizo kanye nokushelela okuhlobene kubizwa ngokuthi ama-scratches.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuklwebheka
1) Ithuluzi alihlanganisiwe ngendlela efanele, indlela yokuqondisa kanye nebhentshi yokusebenza ayibushelelezi, kukhona amakhona abukhali noma izinto zangaphandle, njll. isihlabathi noma ama-chips ensimbi aphukile emafutheni okugcoba 4) Ukusebenza okungalungile ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokuphatha, futhi imishini yokuphakamisa ayifaneleki.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Hlola futhi upholishe ibhande elisebenzayo lesikhunta ngesikhathi 2) Hlola isiteshi sokuphuma komkhiqizo, okufanele sishelele futhi sigcobe umhlahlandlela ngendlela efanele 3) Vimbela ukungqubuzana nokuklwebheka kwemishini ngesikhathi sokuthutha.
9. Amaqhubu nemihuzuko
Imihuzuko eyakheka ebusweni bemikhiqizo lapho ishayisana noma nezinye izinto ibizwa ngokuthi amaqhuqhuva.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zamaqhubu kanye nemihuzuko
1) Isakhiwo sebhentshi lokusebenzela, i-rack material, njll. akunangqondo. 2) Obhasikidi bezinto ezibonakalayo, ama-racks wezinto ezibonakalayo, njll. azihlinzeki ngokuvikeleka okufanele kwensimbi. 3) Ukwehluleka ukunaka ukuphatha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Sebenza ngokucophelela futhi uphathe ngokucophelela. 2) Gaya amakhona acijile bese uvala obhasikidi nama-rack ngamaphedi nezinto ezithambile.
10. Imihuzuko
Izibazi ezisatshalaliswa ngezinqwaba endaweni yomkhiqizo okhishiwe okubangelwa ukuslayida okuhlobene noma ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kobuso bomkhiqizo okhishiwe kanye nonqenqema noma indawo enye into kubizwa ngokuthi imihuzuko.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokulimala
1) Ukugqoka kwesikhunta esibi kakhulu 2) Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwe-ingot, i-aluminium inamathela emgodini wokufa noma ibhande elisebenzayo lembobo yonakele 3) I-graphite, uwoyela nokunye ukungcola kuwela emgqonyeni we-extrusion 4) Imikhiqizo ihamba ngokumelene nomunye nomunye, kubangela imihuzuko ebusweni kanye nokugeleza kwe-extrusion okungalingani, okuholela ekutheni umkhiqizo ungagelezi umugqa oqondile, okubangela imihuzuko kumpahla, indlela engumhlahlandlela, kanye ibhentshi lokusebenzela.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Hlola futhi ushintshe isikhunta esingafanelekile ngesikhathi 2) Lawula izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe 3) Qinisekisa ukuthi isilinda sokukhipha kanye nendawo eluhlaza kuhlanzekile futhi yomile 4) Lawula isivinini sokukhipha futhi uqinisekise isivinini esifanayo.
11. Isikhunta Mark
Lolu uphawu lokungalingani kwe-longitudinal ebusweni bomkhiqizo okhishiwe. Yonke imikhiqizo ekhishweyo inamamaki esikhunta ngamazinga ahlukahlukene.
Imbangela eyinhloko yezimpawu zesikhunta
Isizathu esiyinhloko: Ibhande elisebenzayo lesikhunta alikwazi ukuzuza ukushelela okuphelele
Izindlela zokuvimbela
I-1) Qinisekisa ukuthi ingaphezulu lebhande elisebenzayo lesikhunta likhanya, libushelelezi futhi alinayo imiphetho ebukhali. 2) Ukwelashwa kwe-nitriding okunengqondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubulukhuni obuphezulu bobuso. 3) Ukulungisa isikhunta okulungile. 4) Ukuklama okunengqondo kwebhande lokusebenza. Ibhande lokusebenza akufanele libe lide kakhulu.
12. Ukusonteka, ukugoba, amagagasi
Ukwenzeka kwesigaba esiphambanayo somkhiqizo okhishiwe ochezukiswa ohlangothini lwelongitudinal kubizwa ngokuthi ukusonta. Isenzeko somkhiqizo ogobile noma umumo wommese futhi ongaqondile ohlangothini lwe-longitudinal kubizwa ngokuthi ukugoba. Isenzeko somkhiqizo olokhu uguquguquka ngokuqhubekayo endaweni ye-longitudinal ibizwa ngokuthi ukuzungeza.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokusonta, ukugoba namagagasi
I-1) Umklamo wembobo yokufa awuhlelwanga kahle, noma ukusabalalisa usayizi webhande elisebenzayo akunangqondo 2) Ukunemba kokucubungula umgodi wokufa akulungile 3) Umhlahlandlela ofanele awufakiwe 4) Ukulungisa ukufa okungalungile 5) Ukushisa okungalungile kwe-extrusion kanye nesivinini 6) Umkhiqizo awuqondiswe ngaphambili ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwesixazululo 7) Ukupholisa okungalingani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokushisa okuku-inthanethi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Thuthukisa izinga lokuklama isikhunta kanye nokukhiqiza 2) Faka iziqondiso ezifanele ze-traction extrusion 3) Sebenzisa ukuthambisa kwasendaweni, ukulungisa isikhunta kanye nokuphambukisa noma ushintshe ukwakheka kwezimbobo zokuphambukisa ukuze ulungise izinga lokugeleza kwensimbi 4) Lungisa ngokunengqondo izinga lokushisa nesivinini ukwenza i-deformation ibe yinto efanayo 5) Yehlisa ngokufanelekile izinga lokushisa lokwelashwa kwesisombululo noma ukwandisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwesisombululo 6) Qinisekisa ukupholisa okufanayo ngesikhathi sokucisha i-inthanethi.
13. Igoba Eliqinile
Ukugoba okungazelelwe komkhiqizo okhishwe endaweni ethile ngobude bawo kubizwa ngokuthi ukugoba okuqinile.
Imbangela eyinhloko yokugoba kanzima
I-1) Isivinini sokukhipha isivinini esingalingani, ukushintsha okungazelelwe kusuka ejubaneni eliphansi kuya ngesivinini esikhulu, noma ukuguquka okungazelelwe kusuka esivinini kuya esivinini esiphansi, noma ukuyeka ngokuzumayo, njll. 2) Ukunyakaza okunzima kwemikhiqizo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa 3) Indawo yokusebenza engalingani
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Ungayeki umshini noma ushintshe isivinini sokukhipha ngokuzumayo. 2) Ungayisusi iphrofayili ngokuzumayo ngesandla. I-3) Qinisekisa ukuthi itafula lokukhipha liyisicaba futhi i-roller yokukhipha ibushelelezi futhi ayinandaba yangaphandle, ukuze umkhiqizo ophelile ungageleza kahle.
14. Omaka
Lokhu kuyisici esingaphezulu somkhiqizo okhishiwe, okubhekisela kuma-flakes amancane, angalingani, aqhubekayo, ama-point-like scratches, i-pitting, ubhontshisi wensimbi, njll. ebusweni bomkhiqizo.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zama-pockmarks
1) Isikhunta asiqinile ngokwanele noma asilingani ngobulukhuni nokuthambile. 2. Izinga lokushisa le-extrusion liphezulu kakhulu. 3) Ijubane le-extrusion lishesha kakhulu. I-4) Ibhande elisebenzayo lesikhunta lide kakhulu, liqinile noma linamathele ngensimbi. 5) Impahla ekhishwe yinde kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Thuthukisa ubulukhuni nobulukhuni bendawo yokusebenza ye-die 2) Shisisa umgqomo we-extrusion kanye ne-ingot ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo futhi usebenzise isivinini esifanelekile sokukhipha 3) Dala ngokunengqondo idayizi, unciphise ubulukhuni bendawo yokusebenza, futhi uqinise indawo yokusebenza. ukuhlola, ukulungisa nokupholisha 4) Sebenzisa ubude bengothi obunengqondo.
15. Ukucindezela Kwensimbi
Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza i-extrusion, ama-chips ensimbi acindezelwa ebusweni bomkhiqizo, okubizwa ngokuthi i-metal intrusion.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokucindezela kwensimbi
1) Kukhona okungalungile ngokuphela kwezinto ezimaholo; I-2) Kukhona insimbi endaweni yangaphakathi yezinto ezimbi noma amafutha okugcoba aqukethe imfucumfucu yensimbi nokunye ukungcola; I-3) I-cylinder ye-extrusion ayihlanzwa futhi kunezinye izinsalela zensimbi: 4) Ezinye izinto zensimbi zangaphandle zifakwe ku-ingot; I-5) Kukhona i-slag ezintweni ezimaholo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Khipha ama-burrs empahleni eluhlaza 2) Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo eluhlaza kanye namafutha okugcoba kuhlanzekile futhi komile 3) Hlanza imfucumfucu yensimbi emgqonyeni wesikhunta kanye ne-extrusion 4) Khetha izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
16. I-non-metallic press-in
Ukucindezelwa kwento yangaphandle njengetshe elimnyama endaweni yangaphakathi nangaphandle yemikhiqizo ekhishiwe kubizwa ngokuthi i-non-metallic pressing. Ngemva kokuba udaba lwangaphandle lusuliwe, indawo engaphakathi yomkhiqizo izobonisa ukucindezelwa kosayizi abahlukahlukene, okuzobhubhisa ukuqhubeka komkhiqizo.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-non-metallic press-in
I-1) Izinhlayiya ze-graphite ziyi-coarse noma i-agglomerated, ziqukethe amanzi noma amafutha awaxubene ngokulinganayo. 2) Iphuzu elikhanyayo lamafutha e-cylinder liphansi. I-3) Isilinganiso samafutha we-cylinder kuya ku-graphite akulungile, futhi kune-graphite eningi kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
I-1) Sebenzisa i-graphite efanelekayo futhi uyigcine yomile 2) Hlunga futhi usebenzise amafutha okugcoba afanelekayo 3) Lawula isilinganiso samafutha okugcoba kanye ne-graphite.
17. Ukugqwala komhlaba
Ukukhubazeka kwemikhiqizo ekhishwe ngaphandle kokwelashwa okungaphezulu, okubangelwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali noma kwe-electrochemical phakathi kwendawo engaphezulu nendawo yangaphandle, kubizwa ngokuthi i-surface corrosion. Ingaphezulu lomkhiqizo ogqwalile lilahlekelwa ukucwebezela kwayo kwensimbi, futhi ezimeni ezinzima, imikhiqizo yokugqwala empunga-mhlophe ikhiqizwa ngaphezulu.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokugqwala komhlaba
1) Umkhiqizo uvezwa kumithombo yezindaba ebolayo njengamanzi, i-asidi, i-alkali, usawoti, njll. ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa, noma upakwe endaweni enomswakama isikhathi eside. 2) Isilinganiso sokwakheka kwe-alloy esingafanele
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Gcina indawo yomkhiqizo nendawo yokukhiqiza neyokugcina ihlanzekile futhi yomile 2) Lawula okuqukethwe kwezakhi ku-alloy
18. Ikhasi lewolintshi
Ingaphezulu lomkhiqizo okhishiwe linemibimbi engalingani njengekhasi lewolintshi, elibuye laziwe ngokuthi imibimbi engaphezulu. Kubangelwa izinhlamvu ezimahhadla ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Lapho okusanhlamvu kushubile, imibimbi iba sobala kakhulu.
Imbangela eyinhloko yekhasi lewolintshi
I-1) Isakhiwo se-ingot asilingani futhi ukwelashwa kwe-homogenization akwanele. I-2) Izimo ze-extrusion azinangqondo, okuholela ezinhlamvu ezinkulu zomkhiqizo oqediwe. 3) Inani lokwelula nokuqondisa likhulu kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
I-1) Lawula ngokunengqondo inqubo ye-homogenization 2) Yenza ukuguqulwa kube okufanayo ngangokunokwenzeka (lawula izinga lokushisa le-extrusion, isivinini, njll.) 3) Lawula inani lokucindezeleka nokulungiswa kungabi kukhulu kakhulu.
19. Ukungalingani
Ngemuva kokukhishwa, indawo lapho ubukhulu bomkhiqizo bushintsha endizeni ibonakala iyi-concave noma i-convex, ngokuvamile engabonakali ngeso lenyama. Ngemuva kokwelashwa okungaphezulu, izithunzi ezinhle ezimnyama noma izithunzi zamathambo ziyavela.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokungalingani
I-1) Ibhande lomsebenzi wesikhunta lakhiwe ngendlela engafanele futhi ukulungiswa kwesikhunta akukho endaweni. I-2) Ubukhulu bembobo ye-shunt noma ikamelo langaphambili alifanelekile. Amandla okudonsa noma okunweba ephrofayili endaweni yomgwaqo abangela izinguquko ezincane endizeni. 3) Inqubo yokupholisa ayilingani, futhi ingxenye enodonga oluwugqinsi noma ingxenye yempambanondlela Izinga lokupholisa lihamba kancane, okuholela emazingeni ahlukene okushwabana nokuwohloka kwendiza phakathi nenqubo yokupholisa. 4) Ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu wokuqina, umehluko phakathi kwesakhiwo sengxenye enodonga oluqinile noma indawo yoguquko kanye nezinye izingxenye uyakhula.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Thuthukisa izinga lokuklama isikhunta, ukukhiqiza kanye nokulungisa isikhunta 2) Qinisekisa izinga lokupholisa elifanayo.
20. Izimpawu zokudlidliza
Izimpawu zokudlidliza ziyiziphambeko zemigqa evundlile yezikhathi ezithile endaweni yemikhiqizo ekhishiwe. Ibonakala ngemigqa evundlile eqhubekayo yezikhathi ezithile ebusweni bomkhiqizo. Ijika lomugqa lihambisana nokuma kwebhande elisebenzayo lesikhunta. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, inomuzwa ocacile we-concave kanye ne-convex.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezimpawu zokudlidliza
shaft inyakazisa phambili ngenxa yezinkinga zemishini, okwenza insimbi inyakaze lapho igeleza iphuma emgodini. 2) Insimbi iyanyakaza lapho igeleza iphuma emgodini wesikhunta ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhunta. I-3) I-pad yokusekela isikhunta ayifanele, ukuqina kwesikhunta akubi, futhi ukuthuthumela kwenzeka lapho ingcindezi ye-extrusion iguquguquka.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Sebenzisa isikhunta esifanelekayo 2) Sebenzisa amaphedi okusekela afanelekile lapho ufaka isikhunta 3) Lungisa okokusebenza.
21. Okufakiwe Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokufakwa
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zeokufakiwe
Ngenxa yokuthi okungenalutho okufakiwe kuqukethe okufakiwe kwensimbi noma okungezona ezensimbi, akutholwa enqubweni yangaphambilini futhi kuhlala kungaphezulu noma ngaphakathi komkhiqizo ngemva kokukhishwa.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Qinisa ukuhlolwa kwamabhilidi (okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic) ukuze uvimbele amabhilidi aqukethe izinto ezifakwa ensimbi noma ezingezona ezensimbi ukuthi zingangeni enqubweni yokukhipha.
22. Izimpawu zamanzi
Izimpawu zomugqa wamanzi ezimhlophe okhanyayo noma ezimnyama ezingajwayelekile endaweni yemikhiqizo zibizwa ngezimpawu zamanzi.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezimpawu zamanzi
1) Ukomiswa okungekuhle ngemva kokuhlanza, okuholela ekubeni umswakama osele phezu komkhiqizo 2) Umswakama osele phezu komkhiqizo obangelwa imvula nezinye izizathu, ezingazange zihlanzwe ngesikhathi 3) Uphethiloli wesithando somlilo esiguga uqukethe amanzi. , futhi umswakama ugxila ebusweni bomkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokupholisa umkhiqizo ngemva kokuguga 4) Uphethiloli wesithando somlilo esiguga awuhlanzekile, futhi ubuso bomkhiqizo idliwe yi-sulphur dioxide eshisiwe noma ingcoliswe uthuli. I-5) Indawo yokucisha ingcolile.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
I-1) Gcina ubuso bomkhiqizo bomile futhi buhlanzekile 2) Lawula okuqukethwe komswakama nokuhlanzeka kophethiloli wesithando esiguga 3) Qinisa ukuphathwa kwemidiya yokucisha.
23. Igebe
Umbusi ubekwe phezulu ngokuphambene endizeni ethile yomkhiqizo okhishiwe, futhi kukhona igebe elithile phakathi kwerula nendawo engaphezulu, ebizwa ngokuthi igebe.
Imbangela enkulu yegebe
Ukugeleza kwensimbi okungalingani ngesikhathi sokukhishwa noma ukuqedwa okungalungile nokuqondisa imisebenzi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Dala futhi ukhiqize isikhunta ngokunengqondo, qinisa ukulungisa isikhunta, futhi ulawule ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa le-extrusion kanye nesivinini sokukhipha ngokwemithethonqubo.
24. Ubukhulu bodonga olungalingani
Umkhuba wokuthi ukushuba kodonga lomkhiqizo ofanayo okhishiwe akulingani esigabeni esiphambanayo noma isiqondiso se-longitudinal kubizwa ngokuthi ukushuba kodonga olungalingani.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqina kodonga olungalingani
1) Ukwakhiwa kwesikhunta akunangqondo, noma umhlangano wamathuluzi awufanelekile. I-2) Umphongolo we-extrusion kanye nenaliti ye-extrusion ayikho emgqeni ofanayo ophakathi nendawo, okuholela ku-eccentricity. I-3) I-lining yangaphakathi yombhobho we-extrusion igqoke kakhulu, futhi isikhunta asikwazi ukumiswa ngokuqinile, okuholela eccentricity. I-4) Ubukhulu bodonga lwe-ingot engenalutho ngokwayo ayilingani, futhi ayikwazi ukuqedwa ngemva kokukhipha kokuqala nokwesibili. Ubukhulu bodonga bezinto ezimangelengele azilingani ngemva kokukhishwa, futhi azisuswa ngemva kokugoqa nokwelula. I-5) Amafutha okugcoba asetshenziswa ngokungalingani, okuholela ekugelezeni kwensimbi okungalingani.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Lungiselela ithuluzi kanye nedizayini yokufa kanye nokukhiqiza, futhi uhlanganise ngokunengqondo futhi ulungise 2) Lungisa isikhungo se-extruder nethuluzi le-extrusion bese ufa 3)
Khetha i-billet efanelekayo 4) Lawula ngokunengqondo imingcele yenqubo efana nezinga lokushisa le-extrusion nesivinini sokukhipha.
25. Ukunwetshwa (okuhambisanayo)
Isici sezinhlangothi ezimbili zemikhiqizo yephrofayili ekhishiwe njengemikhiqizo emise okwe-groove kanye ne-I eshelela ngaphandle ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvuleka, futhi isici sokutshekela ngaphakathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukufana.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokwanda (parallel)
1) Izinga lokugeleza kwensimbi elingalingani “lemilenze” emibili (noma “umlenze” owodwa) wephrofayili yomkhombe noma efana nomkhombe noma iphrofayili emise okwe-I 2) Izinga lokugeleza elingalingani lebhande lokusebenza ezinhlangothini zombili zepuleti elingaphansi lomkhombe 3 ) Umshini wokwelula nokuqondisa ongalungile 4) Ukupholisa okungalingani kokwelashwa kwesixazululo se-inthanethi ngemuva kokuthi umkhiqizo ushiye umgodi wokufa.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Lawula ngokuqinile isivinini se-extrusion kanye nokushisa kwe-extrusion 2) Qinisekisa ukufana kokupholisa 3) Yakha kahle futhi ukhiqize isikhunta 4) Lawula ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa nesivinini, futhi ufake isikhunta ngendlela efanele.
26. Izimpawu zokuqondisa
Imigqa evunguzayo ekhiqizwa lapho umkhiqizo okhishiwe uqondiswa yi-roller ephezulu ibizwa ngokuthi ama-straightening marks. Yonke imikhiqizo eqondiswe nge-roller ephezulu ayikwazi ukugwema izimpawu zokuqondisa.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zamamaki okuqondisa
1) Kukhona imiphetho ebusweni be-roller yokuqondisa 2) I-curvature yomkhiqizo inkulu kakhulu 3) Ukucindezela kuphezulu kakhulu 4) I-angle ye-roller yokuqondisa inkulu kakhulu 5) Umkhiqizo une-ovality enkulu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Thatha izinyathelo ezifanele ukulungisa ngokuvumelana nezimbangela.
27. Stop marks, amamaki esikhashana, bite marks
komkhiqizo ohambisana nesiqondiso se-extrusion esikhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo ye-extrusion abizwa ngokuthi ama-bite marks noma amamaki asheshayo (okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izimpawu zokupaka zamanga").
Ngesikhathi se-extrusion, okunamathiselwe okunamathiselwe ngokuzinzile ebusweni bebhande elisebenzayo kuzowa ngokushesha futhi kunamathele ebusweni bomkhiqizo okhishiwe ukwenza amaphethini. Imigqa evundlile ebhandeni lokusebenza evela lapho izitobhi ze-extrusion zibizwa ngokuthi izimpawu zokupaka; imigqa enezingqimba evela ngesikhathi senqubo ye-extrusion ibizwa ngokuthi amamaki asheshayo noma izimpawu zokuluma, okuzokwenza umsindo ngesikhathi sokukhipha.
Imbangela eyinhloko yezimpawu zokuma, izimpawu zesikhashana, nezimpawu zokuluma
I-1) Ukushisa kokushisa kwe-ingot akulingani noma isivinini se-extrusion nokucindezela kushintsha ngokuzumayo. I-2) Ingxenye eyinhloko yesikhunta ayiklami kahle noma yenziwe noma ihlanganiswe ngokungalingani noma ngezikhala. 3) Kukhona amandla angaphandle perpendicular isiqondiso extrusion. 4) I-extruder igijima ngokungazinzi futhi kukhona ezinwabuzelayo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, isivinini esiphansi, i-extrusion efanayo, futhi ugcine ingcindezi ye-extrusion iqinile 2) Vimbela amandla angaphandle ahambisana nesiqondiso se-extrusion ekusebenzeni kumkhiqizo 3) Dala ngokunengqondo i-tooling nesikhunta, futhi ukhethe ngendlela efanele impahla, usayizi, amandla. nobulukhuni besikhunta.
28. Umhuzuko wangaphakathi
Ukuhuzuka endaweni engaphakathi yomkhiqizo okhishwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha kubizwa ngokuthi i-inner surface abrasion.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuklwebheka kwangaphakathi
1) Kukhona insimbi enamathele enaliti ye-extrusion 2) Izinga lokushisa lenaliti ye-extrusion liphansi 3) Izinga eliphezulu lenaliti ye-extrusion limpofu futhi kukhona ama-bumps kanye nemihuzuko 4) Izinga lokushisa le-extrusion nesivinini akulawulwa kahle 5) Isilinganiso se-extrusion lubricant asilungile.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Khulisa izinga lokushisa lomgqomo we-extrusion kanye nenaliti ye-extrusion, futhi ulawule izinga lokushisa le-extrusion nesivinini sokukhipha. 2) Qinisa ukuhluzwa kwamafutha okugcoba, hlola noma ubuyisele amafutha angcolile njalo, futhi usebenzise uwoyela ngokulinganayo nangenani elifanele. 3) Gcina ubuso bempahla eluhlaza buhlanzekile. I-4) Faka esikhundleni isikhunta esingafanelekile nezinaliti zokukhipha ngesikhathi, futhi ugcine ubuso besikhunta se-extrusion buhlanzekile futhi bushelelezi.
29. Izakhiwo zemishini ezingafanelekile
Uma izici zemishini zemikhiqizo ekhishiwe, njenge-hb ne-hv, zingahlangabezani nezimfuneko zezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe noma zingalingani kakhulu, kubizwa ngokuthi izakhiwo zemishini ezingafanelekile.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezakhiwo zemishini ezingafanelekile
1) Izakhi eziyinhloko zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-alloy zidlula izinga noma isilinganiso asinangqondo 2) Inqubo yokukhishwa kwe-extrusion noma inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ayinangqondo 3) Ikhwalithi ye-ingot noma into embi ayilungile 4) Ukucinywa kwe-inthanethi akufinyeleli ukushisa okucisha noma isivinini sokupholisa akwanele: 5) Inqubo yokuguga yokwenziwa engalungile.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
1) Lawula ngokuqinile ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngokwezindinganiso noma yenza izindinganiso zangaphakathi ezisebenzayo 2) Sebenzisa izingobo zekhwalithi ephezulu noma izikhala 3) Lungiselela inqubo yokukhipha 4) Sebenzisa ngokuqinile uhlelo lwenqubo yokucisha 5) Sebenzisa ngokuqinile uhlelo lokuguga lokuzenzela futhi ulawule isithando somlilo. izinga lokushisa 6) Isilinganiso sokushisa esiqinile kanye nokulawula izinga lokushisa.
30. Ezinye izici
Ngamafuphi, ngemuva kokuphathwa okuphelele, amaphutha angenhla angama-30 wemikhiqizo ekhishwe yi-aluminium alloy asuswe ngempumelelo, athola ikhwalithi ephezulu, isivuno esikhulu, impilo ende, kanye nomkhiqizo omuhle, okuletha ubungqabavu nokuchuma ebhizinisini, kanye nokuzuza okubalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho. izinzuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-12-2024
