Ingxubevange ye-aluminium yethangi lamafutha e-rocket
Izinto zokwakha zihlobene eduze nochungechunge lwezinkinga ezifana nokuklanywa kwesakhiwo somzimba werokhethi, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza nokucubungula, ubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izinto ezibonakalayo, nomnotho, futhi ziwukhiye ekunqumeni izinga lokusuka kwerokhethi namandla okulayisha okukhokhelwayo. Ngokwenqubo yentuthuko yohlelo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha ithangi likaphethiloli ingahlukaniswa izizukulwane ezine. Isizukulwane sokuqala yi-5-series aluminium alloys, okungukuthi, i-Al-Mg alloys. Ama-alloys amele ama-alloys angu-5A06 kanye ne-5A03. Zasetshenziswa ukwenza izakhiwo zethangi likaphethiloli le-P-2 ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950 futhi zisasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Ama-alloys angu-5A06 aqukethe u-5.8% Mg kuya ku-6.8% Mg, 5A03 ingxubevange ye-Al-Mg-Mn-Si. Isizukulwane sesibili i-Al-Cu-based 2-series alloys. Amathangi okugcina ochungechunge lwezimoto zokwethulwa zaseChina zeLong March enziwe ngama-alloys angu-2A14, okuyingxubevange ye-Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Si. kusukela ngawo-1970 kuze kube manje, i-China yaqala ukusebenzisa ithangi lokugcina i-alloy engu-2219, okuyi-al-Cu-Mn-V-Zr-Ti ingxubevange, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni amathangi ahlukahlukene okugcina izimoto. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi esakhiweni sokwethulwa kwezikhali amathangi kaphethiloli asezingeni eliphansi, okuyi-alloy enokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokushisa okuphansi nokusebenza okuphelele.
I-aluminium alloy yesakhiwo sekhabhinethi
Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto zokwethulwa eChina ngawo-1960 kuze kube manje, ama-alloys e-aluminium yesakhiwo se-cabin yezimoto zokuqalisa aphethwe yisizukulwane sokuqala kanye nama-alloys esizukulwane sesibili esimelelwe yi-2A12 ne-7A09, kanti amazwe angaphandle angena esizukulwaneni sesine se-cabin structural aluminium alloys (7055 7055) ngoba i-alloy yabo ebanzi, 7 ukuzwela okucisha okuphansi kanye nokuzwela kwe-notch. I-7055 iyingxubevange ye-Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr, kanti i-7085 iphinde ibe yingxubevange ye-Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr, kodwa ukungcola kwayo kwe-Fe ne-Si kuphansi kakhulu, kanti okuqukethwe kwe-Zn kuphezulu ngo-7.0%~8.0%. Ama-alloys esizukulwane sesithathu se-Al-Li amelwe i-2A97, 1460, njll. asetshenziswe ezimbonini ze-aerospace zangaphandle ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu, i-modulus ephezulu, nobude obuphakeme.
Izinhlanganisela ze-aluminium matrix eqiniswe yizinhlayiyana zinezinzuzo zemodulus ephezulu namandla aphezulu, futhi zingasetshenziswa ukufaka esikhundleni samaalloyi angu-7A09 ukuze kukhiqizwe izintambo ze-semi-monocoque cabin. I-Institute of Metal Research, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences, i-Harbin Institute of Technology, i-Shanghai Jiaotong University, njll. yenze umsebenzi omningi ocwaningweni nasekulungiseleleni izinhlanganisela ze-aluminium matrix eziqiniswe yizinhlayiyana, zaba nempumelelo ephawulekayo.
Ama-alloys e-Al-Li asetshenziswa ku-aerospace yangaphandle
Isicelo esiphumelele kakhulu ezimotweni zakwamanye amazwe ze-aerospace ingxubevange ye-Weldalite Al-Li eyakhiwe yi-Constellium ne-Quebec RDC, okuhlanganisa u-2195, 2196, 2098, 2198, kanye no-2050 Alloy. 2195 ingxubevange: I-Al-4.0Cu-1.0Li-0.4Mg-0.4Ag-0.1Zr, okuyingxubevange yokuqala ye-Al-Li edayiswe ngempumelelo ukuze kwenziwe amathangi okugcina uphethiloli asezingeni eliphansi okwethulwa kwamarokhethi. 2196 ingxubevange: Al-2.8Cu-1.6Li-0.4Mg-0.4Ag-0.1Zr, ukuminyana okuphansi, amandla aphezulu, ukuqina kokuphuka okuphezulu, okwaqalwa kwathuthukiswa amaphrofayili wohlaka lwephaneli yelanga ye-Hubble, manje esesetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhipha amaphrofayela endiza. 2098 ingxubevange: I-Al-3.5 Cu-1.1Li-0.4Mg-0.4Ag-0.1Zr, eyakhelwe ukwakhiwa kwe-HSCT fuselage, ngenxa yamandla ayo okukhathala, manje isisetshenziswa ku-F16 fighter fuselage kanye nomkhumbi-mkhathi i-Falcon yokwethula ithangi likaphethiloli. 2198 ingxubevange: Al-3.2Cu-0.9Li-0.4Mg-0.4Ag-0.1Zr, esetshenziselwa ukugingqa ishidi lendiza yezentengiso. Ingxubevange ye-2050: I-Al-3.5Cu-1.0Li-0.4Mg- 0.4Ag-0.4Mn-0.1Zr, yayisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapuleti awugqinsi ukuze athathe indawo yamapuleti awugqinsi angu-7050-T7451 okwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zezindiza zezentengiselwano noma izingxenye zokuvula amarokhethi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nengxubevange engu-2195, okuqukethwe kwe-Cu+Mn ye-alloy ka-2050 kuphansi kakhulu ukuze kuncishiswe ukuzwela kokucisha nokugcina izakhiwo eziphakeme zemishini yepuleti eliwugqinsi, amandla athile aphezulu ngo-4%, i-modulus ethile iphakeme ngo-9%, futhi ukuqina kokuphuka kuyanda ngokucindezeleka okuphezulu kokubola kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kokuqhekeka okuphezulu.
Ucwaningo lwaseShayina lokwakha izindandatho ezisetshenziswa ezakhiweni zamarokhethi
Isizinda sokukhiqiza izimoto sase-China sise-Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone. Yakhiwe ngendawo yokucwaninga ngamarokhethi kanye nokukhiqiza, indawo yemboni yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-aerospace kanye nendawo eyisizayo esekelayo. Ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-rocket, ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye, ukuhlolwa komhlangano wokugcina.
I-rocket propellant storage tank yakhiwa ngokuxhuma amasilinda anobude obuyi-2m kuya ku-5m. Amathangi okugcina enziwe nge-aluminium alloy, ngakho-ke adinga ukuxhunywa futhi aqiniswe nge-aluminium alloy forging rings. Ukwengeza, izixhumi, izindandatho zoguquko, amafreyimu enguquko kanye nezinye izingxenye zemikhumbi-mkhathi njengezimoto zokwethula izindiza kanye neziteshi zasemkhathini nazo kudingeka zisebenzise izindandatho zokuxhuma, ngakho-ke izindandatho zokubumba ziwuhlobo olubucayi kakhulu lwezingxenye ezixhumayo nezakhiwo. I-Southwest Aluminium (Group) Co., Ltd., Northeast Light Alloy Co., Ltd., kanye ne-Northwest Aluminium Co., Ltd. zenze umsebenzi omningi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, ekukhiqizeni nasekucubunguleni izindandatho zokubumba.
Ngo-2007, i-Southwest Aluminium yanqoba ubunzima bezobuchwepheshe obufana nokuphonsa ngezinga elikhulu, ukuvuleka kwe-billet, ukugoqa indandatho, kanye nokuguqulwa okubandayo, yase yenza indandatho ye-aluminium alloy forging enobubanzi obungu-5m. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bokubumba bagcwalise igebe lasekhaya futhi basetshenziswa ngempumelelo ku-Long March-5B. Ngo-2015, i-Southwest Aluminium yathuthukisa indandatho yokuqala ye-aluminium alloy enkulu kakhulu enobubanzi obungu-9m, yabeka irekhodi lomhlaba. Ngo-2016, i-Southwest Aluminium yanqoba ngempumelelo inqwaba yobuchwepheshe obubalulekile njengokubunjwa kwe-rolling kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa, futhi yathuthukisa indandatho enkulu ye-aluminium ehlanganisiwe enobubanzi obungu-10m, eyabeka irekhodi lomhlaba omusha futhi yaxazulula inkinga enkulu yobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukisweni kwemoto yaseShayina yokuqalisa umsebenzi osindayo.
Ihlelwe nguMay Jiang evela kwaMAT Aluminium
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2023
