I-Anodizing yinqubo esetshenziselwa ukudala ifilimu ye-aluminium oxide ebusweni be-aluminium noma imikhiqizo ye-aluminium alloy. Kubandakanya ukubeka umkhiqizo we-aluminium noma i-aluminium alloy njenge-anode kwikhambi le-electrolyte futhi usebenzisa i-kagesi yamanzi ukuze wakhe ifilimu ye-aluminium oxide. I-Anodizing ithuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala, ukugqokwa kokugqoka, kanye nezici zokuhlobisa zamaphrofayili we-aluminium. Ngesikhathi senqubo ye-anodizing yamaphrofayili we-aluminium, izici eziningi ezijwayelekile zenzeke. Masibuqonde ngokuyinhloko izimbangela zeziphene ezibonakalayo. Ukugqwala kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukungcoliswa kokugeza, imvula yezigaba zesibili ze-alloy, noma imiphumela ye-galvanic konke kungaholela ekulimaleni okubonakalayo. Bachazwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
1.ACACID noma i-alkali etching
Ngaphambi kokufaka i-anodin, izinto ze-aluminium zingasolwa ngoketshezi lwe-acid noma i-alkali, noma ezithintwe yi-acid noma i-alkali ye-alkali, okuholela ezindaweni ezimhlophe ezimhlophe zasendaweni ebusweni. Uma ukugqwala kunzima, amabala amakhulu okuphapha angakha. Kunzima ukunquma ngeso elinqunu ukuthi ngabe ukugqwala kubangelwa i-acid noma i-alkali, kodwa kungahlukaniswa kalula ngokubheka isigaba sesiphambano sendawo evuthayo ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Uma ezansi komgodi ziyindilinga futhi ngaphandle kokugqwala kokunhlangothi, kubangelwa yi-alkali etching. Uma ezansi kungahambisani futhi kuhambisana nokugqwala kolunye uhlangothi, ngemigodi ejulile, kubangelwa i-acid etching. Isitoreji esingafanele nokusingathwa efektri nakho kungaholela kulolu hlobo lokugqwala. Ama-acid fumes aqhamuka kuma-ejenti wokupholisha amakhemikhali noma amanye ama-acidic fumes, kanye nama-odrieres ahlanganisiwe, yimithombo ye-acid etching. I-Alkali etching evamile ibangelwa ukusakazeka kanye nokuchitheka kodaka, umlotha wesimende, kanye noketshezi lokuwasha i-alkali. Lapho imbangela inqunywa, ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kwezinqubo ezahlukahlukene efektri kungaxazulula inkinga.
I-2.atmospheric corrision
Amaphrofayli we-Aluminium adalulwe umoya onomswakama angahle athuthukise amabala amhlophe, avame ukuvumelanisa amade kakhulu emigqeni yokubumba. Ukugqwala kwezulu ngokuvamile akukubi njenge-acid noma i-alkali etching futhi kungasuswa ngezindlela zemishini noma ngokugeza i-alkali. Ukugqwala kwezulu kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuvame ukwenzeka ngezindawo ezithile, njengezindawo zokushisa eziphansi lapho umphunga wamanzi aphansi lapho kuhlangana khona umphunga wamanzi noma ezindaweni ezingenhla. Lapho ukugqwala komoya kunzima kakhulu, ingxenye yesiphambano sezindawo zokuphamba ivela njengamakhowe angenayo. Kulokhu, ukuwageza kuka-Alkaline ngeke kuqede izindawo zokuphamba futhi kungaze kwandiswe. Uma kunqunywa ukugqwala komkhathi, izimo zokugcina efektri kufanele zihlolwe. Izinto ze-Aluminium akufanele zigcinwe ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi ngokweqile ukuvikela ukuguqulwa kwamanzi. Indawo yokugcina kufanele yome, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele lifane ngokufana ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-3.Paper Corrosion (amabala amanzi)
Lapho iphepha noma amakhadibhodi afakwa phakathi kwezinto ze-aluminium noma asetshenziselwa ukupakisha, kuvimbela i-abrasion. Kodwa-ke, uma iphepha liba semanzi, izindawo zokugqwala ziyavela ebusweni be-aluminium. Lapho kusetshenziswa amakhadibhodi ahlanganisiwe, imigqa ejwayelekile yezindawo zokugqwala ivela kumaphoyinti wokuxhumana nebhodi elihlanganisiwe. Yize kungenzeka ukuthi iziphambeko kwesinye isikhathi zingabonakala ngqo e-aluminium ebusweni, zivame ukubizwa ngemuva kokugeza nokugeza i-alkaline nokufaka anodizing. Lezi zindawo zivame ukujula futhi kunzima ukuzikhipha ngezindlela zemishini noma ukugeza i-alkali. Iphepha (ibhodi) libangelwa yi-acid ion, ikakhulukazi i-SO42- futhi cl-, ekhona ephepheni. Ngakho-ke, usebenzisa iphepha (ibhodi) ngaphandle kwama-chlorides kanye nama-sulfates kanye nokugwema ukungena kwamanzi kuyizindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ukubhucuka kwamaphepha (ibhodi).
I-4.cleach yokugqwala kwamanzi (eyaziwa nangokuthi ukugqwala kweqhwa kweqhwa)
Ngemuva kokugeza okuhlanza i-Alkaline, ukudonswa kwamakhemikhali, noma i-sulfuric acid yokulinganisa, uma amanzi e-runfuric aqukethe ukungcola, kungahle kube nomphumela ezindaweni ezibunjwe izinkanyezi noma ezikhazimulayo ebusweni. Ukujula kokugqwala akujulile. Lolu hlobo lokugqwala kwenzeka lapho amanzi okuhlanza angcoliswe kakhulu noma lapho izinga lokugeleza lokugcwala okuchichimayo liphansi. Ifana namakristalu anombala weqhwa ngokubukeka, yingakho igama elithi "ukugcwala kweqhwa leqhwa." Imbangela ukusabela phakathi kokungcola kwe-zinc ku-aluminium naku-SO42- futhi cl- emanzi okuhlanza. Uma ukufakwa kwethangi kumpofu, imiphumela ye-galvanic ingandisa lesi sici. Ngokusho kwemithombo yakwamanye amazwe, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-ZN ku-Aluminium Alloy kukhulu kune-0.015%, ama-Cl- kumanzi wokuhlanza aphezulu kune-15 ppm, lolu hlobo lokugqwala kungenzeka lube khona. Usebenzisa i-nitric acid yokuthatha noma ukufaka u-0.1% Hno3 emanzini okuhlanza angayiqeda.
I-5.cloride Cornision
Ukuba khona kwenani elincane le-chloride ku-sulfuric acid anodizing bath nakho kungaholela ekunciphiseni okukhohlisayo. Ukubukeka kwesimo kungukujula okujulile kwe-stary star star, okugxilwe kakhulu emaphethelweni nasemakhoneni okusebenza noma kwezinye izindawo ezinezinye izindawo eziphakeme zamanje. Izindawo ezikhonkotha azinayo ifilimu enobuthi, futhi ubukhulu befilimu ezindaweni ezisele "ezijwayelekile" buphansi kunenani elilindelekile. Okuqukethwe kasawoti okuphezulu kumanzi ompompi kungumthombo oyinhloko wokungcola okugeza.
I-6.galvanic corrosion
Ethangini elinamandla (Umbala we-anodizing noma we-electrolytic (imiphumela ye-electanic phakathi kwethangi le-workpied kanye nethangi (ithangi lensimbi), noma imiphumela yemisinga elahlekile ethangini elingabhalisiwe (ukubopha noma ukubopha uphawu)
Kuhlelwe ngoMeyi Jiang kusuka ku-Mat Aluminium
Isikhathi sePosi: Dec-15-2023
