Njengoba amazwe emhlabeni jikelele ebaluleke kakhulu ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa intuthu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezinamandla ezintsha ezisebenza ngogesi sekuphenduke inkambiso. Ngaphezu kokusebenza kwebhethri, izinga lomzimba liphinde libe yisici esibalulekile esithinta uhla lokushayela kwezimoto zamandla amasha. Ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zemoto engasindi kanye noxhumo lwekhwalithi ephezulu kungathuthukisa ububanzi bokushayela bezimoto zikagesi ngokunciphisa isisindo semoto yonke ngangokunokwenzeka kuyilapho kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamandla nokusebenza kokuphepha kwemoto. Mayelana nokukhanya kwezimoto, umzimba we-steel-aluminium hybrid ucabangela kokubili amandla nokunciphisa isisindo somzimba, ube yindlela ebalulekile yokuzuza ukulula komzimba.
Indlela yokuxhuma yendabuko yokuxhuma ama-alloys e-aluminium inokungasebenzi kahle kokuxhumeka nokuthembeka okuphansi. I-riveting yokuzibhoboza, njengobuchwepheshe obusha bokuxhuma, isetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yezimoto kanye nembonini yokukhiqiza i-aerospace ngenxa yenzuzo yayo ephelele ekuxhumaniseni ama-alloys okukhanya nezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Eminyakeni yamuva, izazi zasekhaya zaseShayina zenze ucwaningo olufanele mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-riveting yokuzibhoboza futhi zafunda imiphumela yezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ukushisa ekusebenzeni kwe-TA1 yezimboni ezihlanzekile ze-titanium ezizibhoboza ngokuzibhoboza amalunga. Kutholwe ukuthi izindlela zokwelapha ukushisa nokucisha zithuthukise amandla amile we-TA1 yezimboni ezihlanzekile ezizibhoboza ngokuzibhoboza amalunga azibhoboza. Indlela yokwenza ngokuhlanganyela yabonwa futhi yahlaziywa ngokombono wokugeleza kwezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ikhwalithi ehlangene yahlolwa ngokusekelwe kulokhu. Ngokuhlolwa kwe-metallographic, kwatholakala ukuthi indawo enkulu ye-deformation yepulasitiki ihlanjululwe ibe yisakhiwo se-fiber ngokuthambekela okuthile, okwakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokucindezeleka kwesivuno namandla okukhathala okuhlangene.
Lolu cwaningo olungenhla lugxile ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezisebenza ngomshini zamalunga ngemva kokuqhunyiswa kwamapuleti e-aluminium alloy. Emkhiqizweni wangempela we-riveting wemizimba yezimoto, ukuqhekeka kwamalunga ahlanganisiwe e-aluminium alloy extruded profiles, ikakhulukazi ama-alloy e-aluminium anamandla aphezulu anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alloying, njenge-6082 aluminium alloy, yizici ezibalulekile ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwale nqubo emzimbeni wemoto. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwakheka nokubekezelelwa kwesikhundla kwamaphrofayili akhishiwe asetshenziswa emzimbeni wemoto, njengokugoba nokusonta, kuthinta ngqo ukuhlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kwamaphrofayili, futhi kuphinde kunqume ukunemba kobukhulu bomzimba wemoto olandelayo. Ukuze ulawule ukugoba nokusonteka kwamaphrofayili futhi uqinisekise ukunemba kobukhulu bamaphrofayili, ngaphezu kwesakhiwo sokufa, izinga lokushisa eliphumayo lamaphrofayili kanye nesivinini sokucisha ku-inthanethi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinethonya. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu futhi isivinini sokucisha sishesha kakhulu, izinga lokugoba nokusonteka kwamaphrofayili liba likhulu. Ukuze uthole amaphrofayili e-aluminium alloy emizimbeni yezimoto, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kobukhulu bamaphrofayili futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-alloy riveting ayiqhekeki. Indlela elula yokuthuthukisa ukunemba kwe-dimensional nokusebenza kokuqhekeka kwe-alloy ukulawula ukuqhekeka ngokuthuthukisa izinga lokushisa lokushisa kanye nenqubo yokuguga yama-rods akhishwe ngenkathi ugcina ukwakheka kwezinto, ukwakheka kokufa, isivinini sokukhipha, kanye nesivinini sokucisha kungashintshiwe. Ku-6082 aluminium ingxubevange, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi ezinye izimo zenqubo zihlala zingashintshiwe, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-extrusion, ungqimba olunamahlamvu angama-coarse-grained luyancipha, kodwa ukuguqulwa okukhulu kwephrofayili ngemva kokucima.
Leli phepha lithatha ingxubevange ye-aluminium engu-6082 enokwakheka okufanayo nento yocwaningo, lisebenzisa amazinga okushisa ahlukene e-extrusion nezinqubo ezihlukene zokuguga ukuze lilungiselele amasampula ezifundazweni ezihlukene, futhi lihlola imiphumela yokushisa kwe-extrusion nesimo sokuguga ekuhlolweni kwe-riveting ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ze-riveting. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuqala, inqubo efanele yokuguga iphinde inqunywe ukunikeza isiqondiso sokukhiqizwa okulandelayo kwamaphrofayili e-6082 aluminium alloy body extrusion.
1 Izinto zokuhlola nezindlela
Njengoba kubonisiwe kuThebula 1, ingxubevange ye-aluminium engu-6082 yancibilika futhi yalungiselelwa ibe yingothi eyindilinga ngokusakazwa okungama-semi-continuous. Khona-ke, ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-homogenization, i-ingot yashiswa emazingeni okushisa ahlukene futhi yadluliselwa kuphrofayela ku-extruder engu-2200 t. Ukuqina kodonga lwephrofayili kwakungu-2.5 mm, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo we-extrusion lalingu-440 ± 10 ℃, izinga lokushisa le-extrusion die lalingu-470 ± 10 ℃, isivinini sokukhipha sasingu-2.3 ± 0.2 mm/s, futhi indlela yokucisha iphrofayili yayiwukupholisa umoya onamandla. Ngokusho kwezinga lokushisa lokushisa, amasampula anezinombolo ezingu-1 kuya ku-3, phakathi kwazo isampula 1 yayinezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu lokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo le-billet lalingu-470 ± 5 ℃, izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo le-billet lesampula 2 lalingu-485 ± 5 ℃, futhi izinga lokushisa lesampula 3 laliphakeme kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa elihambisanayo le-billet lalingu-500 ± 5 ℃.
Ithebula 1 Kukalwe ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali engxubevange yokuhlola (ingxenye enkulu/%)
Ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi amanye amapharamitha wenqubo afana nokubunjwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, isakhiwo sokufa, isivinini sokukhipha, isivinini sokucisha ahlala engashintshiwe, amasampuli angenhla No. 1 kuya ku-3 atholwe ngokulungisa izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwe-extrusion aguga esithandweni sokumelana nohlobo lwebhokisi, futhi uhlelo lokuguga luyi-180 ℃/6 h no-190 ℃/6 . Ngemuva kokufakwa, zipholiswa ngomoya, bese zikhishwa ukuze zihlole umthelela wamazinga okushisa e-extrusion ahlukene kanye nezimo zokuguga ekuhlolweni kwe-riveting. Ukuhlolwa kwe-riveting kusebenzisa i-alloy engu-2.5 mm obukhulu engu-6082 enamazinga okushisa ahlukene e-extrusion nezinhlelo zokuguga ezihlukene njengepuleti elingaphansi, kanye nengxubevange engu-1.4 mm engu-5754-O njengepuleti eliphezulu lokuhlolwa kwe-SPR riveting. I-riveting die yi-M260238, futhi i-rivet yi-C5.3 × 6.0 H0. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokunquma inqubo efanelekile yokuguga, ngokuya ngethonya lokushisa kwe-extrusion kanye nesimo sokuguga ekuqhekekeni kwe-riveting, ipuleti ekushiseni okuphezulu kwe-extrusion liyakhethwa, bese liphathwa ngamazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye nezikhathi ezihlukene zokuguga ukutadisha ithonya lesistimu yokuguga ekuqhekekeni kwe-riveting, ukuze ekugcineni uqinisekise uhlelo olulungile lokuguga. Kwasetshenziswa isibonakhulu esinamandla amakhulu ukubuka ukwakheka kwento emazingeni okushisa ahlukene e-extrusion, umshini wokuhlola i-MTS-SANS CMT5000 we-electronic universal uchungechunge olulawulwa yi-microcomputer wasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlolwe izakhiwo zemishini, futhi isibonakhulu esinamandla aphansi sasetshenziswa ukubuka amalunga aphikisiwe ngemva kokugingqa ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene.
2 Imiphumela yokuhlola nengxoxo
2.1 Umthelela wezinga lokushisa le-extrusion nesimo sokuguga ekuqhekekeni kwe-riveting
Isampula ithathwe eduze kwesigaba esiphambanayo sephrofayili ekhishwe. Ngemva kokugaya kanzima, ukugaywa kahle nokupholishwa nge-sandpaper, isampula yagqwala ngo-10% we-NaOH imizuzu engu-8, futhi umkhiqizo omnyama we-corrosion wesulwa nge-nitric acid. Ungqimba olumahhadla lokusanhlamvu lwesampula lubonwe ngesibonakhulu esinamandla amakhulu, esasibekwe endaweni engaphandle kwebhande le-rivet endaweni ehlosiwe yokugoqa, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Isilinganiso sokujula kongqimba olumahhadla lokusanhlamvu kwesampula No. 1 kwakungu-352 μm, ukujula okumaphakathi okusanhlamvu okumaphakathi kwesampula No. 2 kwakungu-135 ungqimba oluyisilinganiso esingu-3 μm bekungu-135 μm okusanhlamvu okumaphakathi kanye nokujula kwesampula engu-3 μm. μm. Umehluko ekujuleni kongqimba olumahhadla lokusanhlamvu ubangelwa ikakhulukazi amazinga okushisa ahlukene e-extrusion. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa le-extrusion, kuyancipha ukumelana nokuguquguquka kwe-alloy engu-6082, kuncane ukugcinwa kwamandla okuguquguqukayo okukhiqizwa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-alloy kanye ne-extrusion die (ikakhulukazi ibhande elisebenzayo lokufa), kanye namandla okushayela okuvuselela kabusha. Ngakho-ke, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwezinhlamvu olumahhadla alujulile; lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-extrusion liphansi, kukhulu ukumelana nokuguquguquka, kukhulu ukugcinwa kwamandla e-deformation, kuba lula ukubuyisela ikristalu, futhi kujula ungqimba olumahhadla lokusanhlamvu. Ku-alloy ye-6082, indlela yokwenza kabusha ama-coarse grain recrystallization yesibili.
(a) Imodeli 1
(b) Imodeli 2
(c) Imodeli 3
Umfanekiso 1 Ukuqina kongqimba olumahhadla lokusanhlamvu lwamaphrofayili akhishiwe ngezinqubo ezahlukene
Amasampuli 1 kuya ku-3 alungiselelwe emazingeni okushisa ahlukene e-extrusion ayeneminyaka engu-180 ℃/6 h no-190 ℃/6 h, ngokulandelanayo. Izici zomshini zesampula 2 ngemva kwezinqubo ezimbili zokuguga ziboniswa kuThebula 2. Ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezimbili zokuguga, amandla esivuno namandla aqinile esampula ku-180 ℃/6 h aphakeme kakhulu kunalawo aku-190 ℃/6 h, kuyilapho ukunwetshwa kwakho kokubili kungehlukile kakhulu, okubonisa ukuthi ukuguga kuka-190 ℃ kungaphezu kuka-190 ℃. Njengoba izakhiwo zemishini ye-6 series aluminium alloy zishintshashintsha kakhulu ngokushintsha kwenqubo yokuguga esimweni sokuguga, akusizi ekuzinzeni kwenqubo yokukhiqiza iphrofayili kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ye-riveting. Ngakho-ke, akufanelekile ukusebenzisa isimo sokuguga ukukhiqiza amaphrofayili omzimba.
Ithebula 2 Izici zemishini zesampula No. 2 ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezimbili zokuguga
Ukubonakala kwesiqephu sokuhlola ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-riveting kuboniswe ku-Figure 2. Lapho isampula ye-No. Ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kokuma phakathi kwezinhlamvu, i-deformation degree izoba ingalingani ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa, yakha indawo engalingani. Lapho okusanhlamvu kumaholoholo, ukungalingani kwendawo kuba kukhudlwana, kwakha isenzakalo sekhasi lewolintshi elibonakala ngeso lenyama. Lapho isampuli engu-3 enongqimba olungajulile olunamahhadla-grained olulungiselelwe ngokukhuphula izinga lokushisa le-extrusion lakhishwa esimweni sokuguga esiphezulu, indawo engaphansi ye-rivet yayibushelelezi ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi ukuqhekeka kwacindezelwa ngezinga elithile, okwakubonakala kuphela ngaphansi kokukhulisa isibonakhulu, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2b. Ngenkathi isampula engunombolo 3 isesimweni sokuguga ngokweqile, akukho ukuqhekeka okubonwe ngaphansi kokukhulisa isibonakhulu, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2c.
(a) Imifantu ebonakala ngeso lenyama
(b) Imifantu emincane ibonakala ngesibonakhulu
(c) Akukho mifantu
Umfanekiso 2 Amadigri ahlukene okuqhekeka ngemva kokuhlehla
Ingaphezulu ngemva kokugoba lihlala ezifundeni ezintathu, okungukuthi, imifantu ebonakala ngeso lenyama (ephawulwe ngokuthi “×”), imifantu emincane ebonakalayo ngaphansi kokukhulisa isibonakhulu (okuphawulwe ngokuthi “△”), futhi akukho mifantu (ephawulwe ngokuthi “○”). Imiphumela ye-riveting morphology yamasampula ezifunda ezintathu ezingenhla ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezimbili zokuguga ikhonjisiwe kuThebula 3. Kungabonakala ukuthi uma inqubo yokuguga ingashintshi, ukusebenza kokuqhekeka kwe-riveting kwesifanekiso esinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-extrusion kanye nongqimba oluncane lokusanhlamvu olumahhadla lungcono kunalolo lwesifanekiso esinongqimba olujulile lokusanhlamvu olumahhadla; lapho ungqimba olusanhlamvu olumahhadla luhlala njalo, ukusebenza kokuqhekeka kwe-riveting yesimo sokuguga kakhulu kungcono kunesimo sokuguga esiphezulu.
Ithebula 3 Ukubukeka oku-Riveting kwamasampula 1 kuya ku-3 ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezimbili zenqubo
Imiphumela ye-morphology yokusanhlamvu kanye nesimo sokuguga ekuziphatheni kwe-axial compression cracking yamaphrofayili kwafundwa. Isimo sokucindezeleka sezinto ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa kwe-axial sasihambisana naleso sokuzibhoboza i-riveting. Ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi imifantu ivela emingceleni yokusanhlamvu, futhi indlela yokuqhekeka ye-Al-Mg-Si alloy yachazwa ifomula.
σapp ingcindezi esetshenziswa kukristalu. Uma uqhekeka, u-σapp ulingana nenani langempela lengcindezi elihambisana namandla okubamba; I-σa0 ukumelana kwe-precipitates ngesikhathi se-intracrystalline sliding; Φ yi-coefficient yokugxilisa ingqondo, ehlobene nosayizi wokusanhlamvu d kanye nobubanzi besiliphu p.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-recrystallization, ukwakheka okusanhlamvu okune-fibrous kuvumelana kakhulu nokuvimbela ukuqhekeka. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ubukhulu bokusanhlamvu d buncishiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokulungiswa okusanhlamvu, okunganciphisa ngokuphumelelayo isici sokugxilisa ukucindezeleka Φ emngceleni wokusanhlamvu, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukuqhekeka. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo se-fibrous, isici sokugxilisa ukucindezeleka Φ se-alloy enziwe kabusha ngezinhlamvu eziqinile cishe izikhathi ezingu-10 kunezokuqala.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuguga okuphezulu, isimo sokuguga ngokweqile sivumela kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka, okunqunywa yizifunda zesigaba semvula ezihlukene ngaphakathi kwe-alloy. Ngesikhathi sokuguga okuphezulu, izigaba ze-20-50 nm 'β (Mg5Si6) zitholakala ku-alloy engu-6082, nenani elikhulu lemvula kanye nosayizi omncane; lapho i-alloy iguga ngokweqile, inani le-precipitates ku-alloy liyancipha futhi usayizi uba mkhulu. Ama-precipitates akhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokuguga angavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukunyakaza kokuhlukaniswa ngaphakathi kwe-alloy. Amandla ayo okuphina ekugudluzeni ahlobene nosayizi nengxenye yevolumu yesigaba semvula. Ifomula ye-empirical ithi:
f iyingxenyana yevolumu yesigaba semvula; r ubukhulu besigaba; U-σa ungamandla esixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwesigaba ne-matrix. Ifomula ikhombisa ukuthi uma umkhulu usayizi wesigaba sokwehla kanye nengxenye yevolumu encane, amandla awo okuphina abe mancane ekususweni, kuba lula ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwengxubevange kuqale, futhi u-σa0 ku-alloy uzokwehla ukusuka ekugugeni okuphezulu kuye esimweni sokuguga ngokweqile. Ngisho noma u-σa0 wehla, lapho ingxubevange isuka esiqongweni sokuguga iye esimweni sokuguga ngokweqile, inani elithi σapp ngesikhathi sokuqhekeka kwengxubevange lehla kakhulu, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwengcindezi esebenzayo emngceleni wokusanhlamvu (σapp-σa0). Ingcindezi esebenzayo emngceleni wokusanhlamvu wokuguga ngokweqile cishe i-1/5 yalokho ekugugeni okuphezulu, okungukuthi, mancane amathuba okuthi kuqhekeke umngcele wokusanhlamvu esimweni sokuguga ngokweqile, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungcono kwe-riveting ye-alloy.
2.2 Ukwenza ngcono izinga lokushisa le-extrusion nohlelo lwenqubo yokuguga
Ngokwale miphumela engenhla, ukwandisa izinga lokushisa le-extrusion kunganciphisa ukujula kwesendlalelo se-coarse-grained, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukuqhekeka kwezinto ngesikhathi senqubo ye-riveting. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokwakheka kwe-alloy ethile, ukwakheka kwe-extrusion die kanye nenqubo ye-extrusion, uma izinga lokushisa le-extrusion liphezulu kakhulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lokugoba nokusonta lephrofayili lizothuthukiswa ngesikhathi senqubo yokucisha elandelayo, okwenza ukubekezelelana kosayizi wephrofayili kungahlangabezani nezidingo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuzobangela ukuthi ingxubevange, ukwanda kwe-alloy ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-extrupping kube lula. Uma kucatshangelwa isimo se-riveting, inqubo yosayizi wephrofayela, iwindi lenqubo yokukhiqiza nezinye izici, izinga lokushisa elifaneleka kakhulu le-extrusion lale alloy alikho ngaphansi kuka-485 ℃, okungukuthi, isampula No.
Izakhiwo zemishini ze-specimen No. 2 ngezikhathi zokuguga ezihlukene ku-180 ℃, 185 ℃ kanye no-190 ℃ ziboniswa kuMfanekiso 3, okungamandla esivuno, amandla aqinile kanye nobude. Njengoba kuboniswe kumfanekiso 3a, ngaphansi kuka-180 ℃, isikhathi sokuguga sikhuphuka sisuka ku-6 h siye ku-12 h, futhi amandla okukhiqiza awehli kakhulu. Ngaphansi kuka-185 ℃, njengoba isikhathi sokuguga sikhuphuka sisuka ku-4 h siye ku-12 h, amandla okukhiqiza aqala akhuphuke bese ehla, futhi isikhathi sokuguga esihambisana nenani eliphezulu lamandla ngamahora angu-5-6. Ngaphansi kuka-190 ℃, njengoba isikhathi sokuguga sikhula, amandla okukhiqiza ayancipha kancane kancane. Sekukonke, emazingeni okushisa amathathu okuguga, lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi lokuguga, ayanda amandla aphezulu wento. Izici zamandla okuqina kuMfanekiso 3b zihambisana namandla esivuno kuMfanekiso 3a. Ubude emazingeni okushisa ahlukene okuguga aboniswe kuMfanekiso 3c kuphakathi kuka-14% no-17%, ngaphandle kwephethini yoshintsho olusobala. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola izinga eliphezulu lokuguga kuye esigabeni sokuguga ngokweqile, futhi ngenxa yomehluko omncane wokuhlola, iphutha lokuhlola libangela ukuthi iphethini yoshintsho ingacaci.
Fig.3 Izakhiwo zemishini yezinto emazingeni okushisa ahlukene okuguga kanye nezikhathi zokuguga
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokuguga okungenhla, ukuqhekeka kwamalunga ahlanganisiwe kufingqiwe kuThebula 4. Kungabonakala kuThebula 4 ukuthi ngokunyuka kwesikhathi, ukuqhekeka kwamalungu ahlanganisiwe kucindezelwe ngezinga elithile. Ngaphansi kwesimo se-180 ℃, lapho isikhathi sokuguga sidlula amahora angu-10, ukubukeka kwelunga elihlanganisiwe kusesimweni esamukelekayo, kodwa akuzinzile. Ngaphansi kwesimo se-185 ℃, ngemva kokuguga amahora angu-7, ukubukeka kwejoyinti eliyi-riveted akunamifantu futhi isimo sizinzile. Ngaphansi kwesimo se-190 ℃, ukubukeka kwejoyinti eliyi-riveted akunamifantu futhi isimo sizinzile. Kusukela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwe-riveting, kungabonakala ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-riveting kungcono futhi kuzinzile uma i-alloy isesimweni sokuguga. Kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa kwephrofayili yomzimba, i-riveting ku-180 ℃/10~12 h ayihambisani nokuzinza kwekhwalithi yenqubo yokukhiqiza elawulwa yi-OEM. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwe-riveted joint, isikhathi sokuguga sidinga ukunwetshwa ngokuqhubekayo, kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kwesikhathi sokuguga kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza iphrofayili kanye nezindleko ezikhulayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo se-190 ℃, wonke amasampula angahlangabezana nezidingo zokuqhekeka kwe-riveting, kodwa amandla wento encishisiwe kakhulu. Ngokwezidingo zokuklama imoto, amandla okukhiqiza we-6082 alloy kumele aqinisekiswe ukuthi angaphezu kuka-270 MPa. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa lokuguga lika-190 ℃ alihlangabezani nezidingo zamandla wezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo ephansi kakhulu, ukushuba okusele kwepuleti elingaphansi lejoyinti eliyi-riveted lizoba lincane kakhulu. Ngemva kokuguga ku-190 ℃/8 h, izici eziphambanayo ezihlanganisiwe zibonisa ukuthi ukujiya okusele kungu-0.26 mm, okungahlangabezani nemfuneko yenkomba engu-≥0.3 mm, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4a. Uma kubhekwa kabanzi, izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuguga ngu-185 ℃. Ngemva kokuguga amahora angu-7, okokusebenza kungahlangabezana ngokuzinzile nezidingo ze-riveting, futhi amandla ahlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuzinza kokukhiqiza kwenqubo ye-riveting ku-workshop yokushisela, isikhathi sokuguga esilungile sihlongozwa ukuthi sinqunywe njenge-8 h. Izici eziphambanayo ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo lwenqubo ziboniswa kuMfanekiso 4b, ohlangabezana nezidingo zenkomba ezihlanganisiwe. I-interlock yesokunxele nesokudla ingu-0.90 mm no-0.75 mm, ehlangabezana nezidingo zenkomba zika-≥0.4 mm, futhi ukujiya kwensalela okuphansi kungu-0.38 mm.
Ithebula 4 Ukuqhekeka kwesampula No. 2 emazingeni okushisa ahlukene kanye nezikhathi zokuguga ezihlukene
Fig.4 Izici eziphambanayo zamajoyinti aphikisiwe wamapuleti aphansi angama-6082 ezifundeni zokuguga ezihlukene.
3 Isiphetho
Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa le-extrusion lamaphrofayili e-aluminium alloy angu-6082, ungqimba olungaphezulu olumahhadla-grained luba ncane ngemva kokukhishwa. Ugqinsi lwesendlalelo esimahhadla-grained olungajulile lunganciphisa ngempumelelo isici sokugxilisa ingqondo emngceleni wokusanhlamvu, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukuqhekeka kwe-riveting. Ucwaningo lokuhlola luthole ukuthi izinga lokushisa elilungile le-extrusion alikho ngaphansi kuka-485 ℃.
Lapho ubukhulu be-coarse-grained layer ye-6082 aluminium alloy profile bufana, ukucindezeleka okuphumelelayo komngcele wokusanhlamvu we-alloy esimweni sokuguga ngokweqile kungaphansi kwalokho esimweni sokuguga esiphezulu, ingozi yokuqhekeka ngesikhathi se-riveting incane, futhi ukusebenza kwe-riveting ye-alloy kungcono. Ngokucabangela izici ezintathu zokuzinza kwe-riveting, inani elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kokwelashwa kokushisa kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho, uhlelo olulungile lokuguga lwe-alloy lunqunywa ukuthi lube ngu-185℃/8h.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-05-2025
