Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa kwe-Aluminium Alloy izinto ezikhishwe yi-Aluminium, ikakhulukazi amaphrofayili we-aluminium, "i-piet" yokuphamba "kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka ebusweni. Ukubonakaliswa okuthile kufaka phakathi amabele amancane kakhulu anezinkinga ezahlukahlukene, ukuqondisa imisila, kanye nokuzizwa ngesandla esisobala, ngomuzwa we-spiky. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-oxidation noma ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwe-electrophoretic, kuvame ukuvela njengama granules amnyama anamathela ebusweni bomkhiqizo.
Ekukhiqizweni kokukhishwa kwamaphrofayili amakhulu weSigaba, lesi sici kungenzeka senzeke ngenxa yethonya lesakhiwo se-Ingot, izinga lokushisa le-Ingot, isivinini sokukhulisa, njll. Iningi lezinhlayiya zezinhlayiya zezinhlanzi ezingasuswa ngesikhathi Inqubo yokuhlekisa yephrofayili yokuhlekisa, ikakhulukazi inqubo ye-Alkali Etching, ngenkathi inani elincane lezinhlayiya ezinkulu, ezinamathela ngokuqinile lihlala endaweni yephrofayili, lithinta ikhwalithi yokubukeka komkhiqizo wokugcina.
Emnyango ojwayelekile wokwakha kanye nemikhiqizo yephrofayili yewindows, amakhasimende ngokuvamile amukela iziphene ezincane ezihlanganisiwe, kepha amaphrofayli wezimboni adinga ukugcizelelwa okulinganayo ezingxenyeni zemishini nokusebenza okuhlobisa, ngokuvamile asamukeli lesi sici, ikakhulukazi amaphutha anezinzipho ukungahambisani nombala ohlukile wangemva.
Ukuze uhlaziye indlela yokwakha yezinhlayiya ezinolaka, i-morphology kanye nokwakheka kwezindawo eziphilayo ngaphansi kwezingoma ezahlukahlukene ze-alloy nezinqubo zokukhishwa okuhlaziywa, kanye nokwehluka phakathi kweziphambeko ne-matrix kuqhathaniswa. Isixazululo esifanelekile sokuxazulula izinhlayiya ezinzima ngempumelelo.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezikhohlisayo zamaphrofayili, kuyadingeka ukuqonda indlela yokwakheka kwezinkinga zokuphosa. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa kwe-Aluminium, ukunamathela ku-Die Work Belt kuyimbangela enkulu yokuphamba okukhohlisayo ebusweni bezinto ezingezinhle ze-aluminium. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inqubo yokukhishwa kwe-aluminium yenziwa ekushiseni okuphezulu okungaba ngu-450 ° C. Uma imiphumela yokushisa kokushisa nokushisa kwezingxabano ingeziwe, izinga lokushisa lensimbi lizoba liphezulu lapho liphuma emgodini we-die. Lapho umkhiqizo uphuma emgodini we-die, ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, kukhona into ephakeme ye-aluminium enamathiselwe phakathi kwensimbi kanye nebhande elisebenzayo lokubumba.
Uhlobo lwalesi sibopho luvame ukuba yinqubo ephindaphindwayo yeBonding - ukudwengula - ukubhidliza - ukuklebhula futhi, futhi umkhiqizo ugeleza phambili, okuholela emigodini eminingi emincane ebusweni bomkhiqizo.
Lesi simo se-bonding sihlobene nezinto ezifana nekhwalithi ye-Ingot, isimo se-forsion esisebenzayo, izinga lokushisa le-extrusion, isivinini sokukhishwa, izinga lokulimala kwezinsimbi, kanye nokuphikiswa kwezimo zensimbi.
1 izinsiza zokuhlola nezindlela
Ngocwaningo lokuqala, sifunde ukuthi izici ezifana nokuhlanzeka kwe-metallurgical, isimo sokubumba, inqubo yokukhishwa, izithako, kanye nezimo zokukhiqiza kungathinta izinhlayiya ezihlanganisiwe. Esivivinyweni, izinduku ezimbili ze-alloy, ezingama-6005a no-6060, zazisetshenziselwa ukwengeza isigaba esifanayo. I-morphology kanye nokwakheka kwezikhula eziyizinhlayiyana ezihlanganisiwe zahlaziywa ngokufunda ngokuqondile kokufunda ama-spectrometer kanye nezindlela zokutholwa kwe-sem, futhi kuqhathaniswa ne-matrix ezungezile evamile.
Ukuze uhlukanise ngokucacile i-morphology yalezi zinkinga ezimbili ze-puted nezinhlayiya, zichazwa kanjena:
. Isici siqala kusuka emgqeni wokubhala futhi siphela ngesici esiwela, siqongelela ubhontshisi wensimbi ekugcineni komugqa wokubhala. Usayizi wesiphene esinezithelo ngokuvamile 1-5mm, futhi ujika emnyama ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-oxidation, okuthinta ekugcineni ukubukeka kwephrofayili, njengoba kukhonjisiwe embuthanweni obomvu kuMfanekiso 1.
(2) Izinhlayiya ezingaphezulu zibizwa nangokuthi ubhontshisi wensimbi noma izinhlayiya ze-adsortion. Ingaphezulu lephrofayili ye-aluminium alloy linamathiselwe ngezinhlayiya zensimbi ezimpunga ezimpunga eziyindilinga futhi zinesakhiwo esilele. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaphrofayili we-aluminium alloy: lezo ezingasulwa kanye nalezo ezingenakusulwa. Usayizi ngokuvamile ungaphansi kuka-0.5mm, futhi uzizwa kabi ngokuthinta. Akukho ukubhala esigabeni sangaphambili. Ngemuva kwe-oxidation, akuhlukile kakhulu kwi-matrix, njengoba kukhonjisiwe embuthanweni ophuzi kuMfanekiso 1.
Imiphumela engu-2 yokuhlola nokuhlaziywa
2.1 IZIMPAHLA ZOKUGCINA
Umdwebo 2 ukhombisa i-morphology ye-misciestructural yesici sokudonsa ebusweni be-6005a alloy. Kunezinyathelo ezinjengezinyathelo ezifana nengxenye yangaphambili yokudonsa, futhi ziphela ngama-nodule ahlanganisiwe. Ngemuva kokuthi amaqhubu avele, ingaphezulu libuyela kokujwayelekile. Indawo yesici sokukhula ayibushelelezi ekuthintweni, inomuzwa onobunzima, futhi anamathele noma aqongelele ngaphezulu kwephrofayili. Ngokuhlolwa kwesiphithiphithi, kwaqashelwa ukuthi i-morphology edonsayo yamaphrofayili angama-6005a namaphrofayili angemva kuka-6060 ayafana, futhi ukuphela komsila womkhiqizo kungaphezu kokuphela kwekhanda; Umehluko ukuthi usayizi wokudonsa ophelele we-6005A mncane futhi ukujula kweSktrakt kubuthakathaka. Lokhu kungahle kuhlobane nezinguquko ekwakhiweni kwe-alloy, isimo se-cast rod, kanye nemibandela yokubumba. Ibonwa ngaphansi kuka-100x, kukhona amamaki okusobala asobala emaphethelweni angaphambili endaweni yokudonsa, ekhuphuka eceleni kwendlela yokuqothula, futhi ukwakheka kwezinhlayiya zokugcina ze-nodule akujwayelekile. Ku-500X, ukuphela kwangaphambili kwendawo yokudonsela phansi kunesinyathelo esifana nesinyathelo esisezingeni eliphakeme endaweni yokukhishwa (usayizi walesi sici cishe kungama-120 μm), futhi kukhona amamaki okufaka asobala ezinhlangothini ze-nodular emsileni ekugcineni kwenhliziyo.
Ukuze uhlaziye izimbangela zokudonsa, ukuqondisa okuqondile kokufunda i-spectrometer ne-EDX kusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwengxenye ngezindawo eziphikisayo kanye ne-matrix yezakhi ezintathu ze-alloy. Ithebula 1 libonisa imiphumela yokuhlola yephrofayili ye-6005A. Imiphumela ye-EDX ikhombisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwesikhundla sokufaka izinhlayiya ezidonsa ngokuyisisekelo kuyafana nale matrix. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlayiya eziwusizo ezinhle ziqongelelwa ngaphakathi nasekuzungeze isici sokudonsa, futhi izinhlayiya zokungcola ziqukethe c, o (noma cl), noma i-FE, SI, noS.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezinkinga ezihlangene zamaphrofayili we-6005A amahlelekile amahle ancishisiwe kukhombisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezidonsayo zikhulu ngosayizi (1-5mm), ingaphezulu lifakwe kakhulu, futhi kunezinyathelo ezifana nesinyathelo esigabeni sokuqala; Ukwakheka kusondelene ne-matrix ye-al, futhi kuzoba nezigaba ezinama-heterogeneous aqukethe u-fe, si, c, futhi o usatshalaliswe ngazo. Kubonisa ukuthi indlela yokudonsela yokwakha yama-alloys amathathu iyafana.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa kwe-Extresion, ukufukula kwensimbi kuzodala ukuthi izinga lokushisa libe ibhande elisebenzayo likhuphuke, lakha "i-aluminium elinamathelayo" emaphethelweni wokusika webhande. Ngasikhathi sinye, okweqile kwe-SI nezinye izinto ezinjenge-MN ne-Aluminium Alloy kulula ukwakha ezinye izixazululo eziqinile ngo-Fe, okuzothuthukisa ukwakheka kwe- "aluminim enamandla ye-aluminium" emnyango wendawo yokusebenza.
Njengoba insimbi igeleza iqhubekele phambili futhi ihlikihla ngebhande lomsebenzi, into ebuyisanayo yokuvuselela izibopho - ukubulawa okubuyayo - ukubopha izimbumbane endaweni ethile, okwenza insimbi iqhubeke ngokuhlukana ngalesi sikhundla. Lapho izinhlayiya zikhuphuka zibe ngosayizi othile, kuzodonswa ngumkhiqizo ogelezayo bese wenza amamaki okubhala entweni yensimbi. Izohlala endaweni yensimbi bese ifomu lokudonsa izinhlayiya ekugcineni kwesikebhe. Lambula, kungabhekwa ukuthi ukwakheka kwezinhlayiya ezihlanganisiwe kuhlobene ikakhulukazi ne-aluminium enamathela ebhande lokusebenza isikhunta. Izigaba ze-heterogeneous zisatshalaliswa zizungeze kusuka ekuthathweni kwamafutha okugcoba, oxides noma izinhlayiya zothuli, kanye nokungcola okulethwe yindawo enzima ye-Ingot.
Kodwa-ke, inani lokudonsa emiphumeleni yokuhlola engu-6005a lincane futhi i-degree ilula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenxa yokuhlangana kokuphuma kwebhande elisebenzayo lokubuyisa kanye nokucwaswa ngokucophelela kwebhande elisebenzayo ukunciphisa ubukhulu bengqimba ye-aluminium; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhlobene nokuqukethwe okweqile kwe-SI.
Ngokusho komphumela wokuqamba okuqondayo kwemiphumela yokubhala, kungabonakala ukuthi ngaphezu kwe-SI kuhlanganiswe ne-MG MG2SI, okusele okusele kuvela ngendlela elula.
2.2 izinhlayiya ezincane ebusweni
Ngaphansi kokubukwa okubonakalayo okuphansi okuphansi, izinhlayiya zincane (≤0.5mm), hhayi zibushelelezi ekuthinteni, zibe nomuzwa obukhali, futhi zibambelele ebusweni bephrofayili. Kugcinwe ngaphansi kuka-100x, izinhlayiya ezincane ebusweni zisatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe, futhi kukhona izinhlayiya ezincane ezinamathiselwe ebusweni noma ngabe kukhona imihuzuko noma cha;
Ku-500X, noma ngabe kukhona okusobala okufana nokuhlaziswa kwezinyathelo ezinjengendlela yokuqothuka, izinhlayiya eziningi zisanamathiselwe, futhi amasayizi wezinhlayiyana ayahlukahluka. Ubukhulu obukhulu obukhulu bungama-15 μm, futhi izinhlayiya ezincane zingama-5 μm.
Ngokuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwezinhlayiya ze-ally60 alloy kanye ne-matrix engaqondile, izinhlayiya ikakhulukazi zakhiwa i-O, c, si, kanye ne-FE izinto, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium kuphansi kakhulu. Cishe zonke izinhlayiya ziqukethe izinto ze-O ne-C. Ukwakheka kwenhlayiya ngayinye kuhlukile kancane. Phakathi kwazo, izinhlayiya zisondele ku-10 μm, eziphakeme kakhulu kune-matrix si, Mg, no-O; Ku-C izinhlayiya, Si, O, bese u-CL ngokusobala ephakeme; Izinhlayiya d no f aqukethe phezulu, O, ne-NA; izinhlayiya e, u-Fe, no-o; H Izinhlayiya yizinto eziqukethe ama-FE-. Imiphumela yezinhlayiya ezingama-6060 iyafana nalokhu, kepha ngoba okuqukethwe kwe-SI ne-FE ngo-6060 ngokwako kuphansi, okuhambelana kwe-SI KIBANI KANYE NOKWENZA KAKHULU; Okuqukethwe kwe-C ngezinhlayiya ezingama-6060 kuphansi.
Izinhlayiya ezingaphezulu zingahle zingabi izihlayiselwa ezincane ezingashadile, kepha zingase zibe khona ngohlobo lokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya eziningi ezincane ezinezimo ezahlukahlukene, futhi amaphesenti amaningi ezinto ezahlukahlukene ezinhlangothini ezahlukene ezinkineni ezihlukile ezinhlakeni ezahlukene ezinkineni ezihlukile ezinhlakani ezahlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka. Kukholelwa ukuthi izinhlayiya ikakhulukazi zakhiwa izinhlobo ezimbili. Eyokuqala inezincane ezinjenge-Alfesi ne-Elemental Si, ezivela ezigabeni eziphakeme zokugcwala okuphezulu ezifana ne-Feal3 noma i-Alfesi (MN) kwi-Ingot, noma izigaba eziqondile ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa. Enye yindaba yakwamanye amazwe anamathela.
2.3 Umphumela Wokuqina Kwe-Ingot
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kwatholakala ukuthi ingaphezulu elingasemuva le-6005A Cast Rod Lathe lalinzima futhi linamabala ngothuli. Kwakukhona izinduku ezimbili ezinamathuluzi ashubile anethuluzi ezindaweni zasendaweni, ezazihambelana nokwanda okukhulu kwenani lokudonsa ngemuva kokukhishwa, kanti usayizi wedonsela elilodwa wawukhudlwana, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 7.
Induku engu-6005a cast ayinakho i-lathe, ngakho-ke ubulukhuni bendawo buphansi futhi inani lokudonsa lincishisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kungekho uketshezi lokusika ngokweqile olunamathiselwe kumamaki we-lathe enduku, okuqukethwe kwe-C ezinhlayiyeni ezihambisanayo kuyancishiswa. Kufakazelwa ukuthi amamaki aguqukayo ebusweni be-cast rod azokhulisa ukwakheka okudonsayo nokwenza izinhlayiya ngezinga elithile.
3 Ingxoxo
(1) Izingxenye zokudonsa iziphambeko empeleni zifana nalezo ze-matrix. Yizinhlayiya zakwamanye amazwe, isikhumba esidala ebusweni be-Ingot kanye nokunye ukungcola okuqongelelwe odongeni lokukhishwa kwe-barresion noma endaweni efile yesibumba ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa, okulethwa yi-aluminium ibhande. Njengoba umkhiqizo ugeleza phambili, kubangelwa imidwebo ebusweni, futhi lapho umkhiqizo uqongelela ngosayizi othile, ukhishwa ngumkhiqizo ukuze wakhe ukudonsa. Ngemuva kwe-oxidation, ukudonswa kwagcwala, kwathi ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, kwakukhona amaphutha anjengemgodi lapho.
(2) Izinhlayiya ezingaphezulu kwesinye isikhathi zivela njengezinhlayiya ezincane ezizodwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zikhona ngendlela ehlanganisiwe. Ukwakheka kwabo kusobala ngokusobala okuhlukile kulokho kwe-matrix, futhi ikakhulukazi kuqukethe i-O, C, FE, kanye ne-SI. Ezinye izinhlayiya ziphethwe yizakhi ze-O ne-C, kanti ezinye izinhlayiya zilawulwa ngu-O, C, FE, kanye no-SI. Ngakho-ke, kuvinjelwe ukuthi izinhlayiya zemithombo engaphezulu zivela emithonjeni emibili: eyodwa inezinhlamvu ezinjenge-alfesi kanye ne-Elemental Si, kanye nokungcola okufana no-O no-C kuyalandelwa ebusweni; Enye yindaba yakwamanye amazwe anamathela. Izinhlayiya ziyagcwala ngemuva kwe-oxidation. Ngenxa yobukhulu babo obuncane, abanawo noma umthelela omncane ebusweni.
. Izinto eziphambili zamafutha okugcoba zingama-C, O, H, S, njll., Kanye nengxenye eyinhloko yothuli nenhlabathi yiSio2. Okuqukethwe kwe-O OKUFANELEKILE kwezinhlayiya ezingaphezulu kuvame ukuphakama. Ngoba izinhlayiya zisesimweni esiphakeme sokushisa ngokushesha ngemuva kokushiya ibhande elisebenzayo, futhi ngenxa yendawo enkulu engaphezulu yezinhlayiya, ama-adsorb o atoms emoyeni futhi adale i-oxidation ngemuva komoya, okuholele e-O okuqukethwe kune-matrix.
(4) FE, njll. Into ye-FE ivela ku-Fe e-Aluminium Ingots, yakha izigaba eziphakeme zokungcola eziphakeme njenge-Feal3 noma i-Alfesi (MN), engeke ichithwe kwisixazululo esiqinile ngesikhathi senqubo ye-homogenization, noma ayiguqulwa ngokuphelele; I-SI ikhona e-Aluminium Matrix ngesimo se-MG2SI noma isisombululo esiqinile se-SORERSATERURET SOLITH Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa kwenduku eshisayo ye-cast rod, ngokweqile kungahle kunciphise. I-solubity ye-Aluminium ingu-0.48% ngo-450 ° C no-0.8% (WT%) ngo-500 ° C. Okuqukethwe okweqile kwe-SI ngo-6005 kucishe kube ngu-0.41%, futhi okuqondile kungaba okuhlangene nokuvutha kwezulu okubangelwa ukuguquguquka kokuhlushwa.
(5) I-Aluminium inamathela kwibhande elisebenzayo lokubumba yimbangela eyinhloko yokudonsa. Ukukhishwa okufayo kungukushisa okuphezulu nemvelo ephezulu kakhulu. Ukufukula kwensimbi kuzokwandisa izinga lokushisa lebhande elisebenzayo lesikhunta, kwakha "i-aluminium elinamathelayo" emaphethelweni wokusika webhande.
Ngasikhathi sinye, okweqile kwe-SI nezinye izinto ezinjenge-MN ne-Aluminium Alloy kulula ukwakha ezinye izixazululo eziqinile ngo-Fe, okuzothuthukisa ukwakheka kwe- "aluminim enamandla ye-aluminium" emnyango wendawo yokusebenza. Insimbi egeleza nge- "sticky aluminium ungqimba" ingeyokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi (ukuslayida kwe-shear yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwensimbi). Izimo zensimbi futhi zilukhuni ngenxa yokushayisana kwangaphakathi, okuthuthukisa insimbi eyisisekelo kanye nesikhunta ukunamathela ndawonye. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibhande elisebenzayo lokubumba likhubazeke libe ngumumo wecilongo ngenxa yengcindezi, futhi i-aluminium enamatheyisi eyakhiwe yingxenye yokusika yebhande elisebenzayo elifana nephrofayili liyafana nethuluzi lokujika.
Ukwakheka kwe-aluminium enamathela kuyinqubo enamandla yokukhula nokuchitheka. Izinhlayiya zihlala zilethwa yiphrofayili. Uma igeleza ngokuqondile ngaphandle kwebhande lomsebenzi futhi i-adsorbed ngokushesha ebusweni bephrofayili, izinhlayiya ezincane ezinamathela ebusweni zibizwa ngokuthi "izinhlayiya ze-adsortion". Uma ezinye izinhlayiya zizophulwa yi-aluminium alloy ekhishwe yi-aluminium, ezinye izinhlayiya ziyonamathela ebusweni bebhande lomsebenzi lapho lidlula ebhande lesisebenzi, libangela ukuklwebheka ebusweni bephrofayili. Umsila End yi-Matrix ehlanganisiwe ye-aluminium. Lapho kune-aluminium eningi ebambelele maphakathi nebhande lomsebenzi (isibopho siqinile), kuzokhulisa ukuklwebheka komhlaba.
(6) Ijubane lokukhishwa linethonya elikhulu ekudonseweni. Ithonya lesivinini sokukhishwa. As far as the tracked 6005 alloy is concerned, the extrusion speed increases within the test range, the outlet temperature increases, and the number of surface pulling particles increases and becomes heavier as the mechanical lines increase. Isivinini sokukhishwa kwesisulu kufanele sigcinwe sizinze ngangokunokwenzeka ukugwema ushintsho olungazelelwe ngejubane. Isivinini sokukhishwa ngokweqile kanye nokushisa okuphezulu okuphezulu kuzoholela ekushayweni okuphezulu nokudonsa okukhulu kwezinhlayiya. Indlela ethile yomthelela wejubane lokukhishwa kwisimo sokudonsela phansi idinga ukulandela okulandelayo nokuqinisekiswa.
(7) Ikhwalithi engaphezulu yenduku ephoqiwe nayo iyinto ebalulekile ethinta izinhlayiya zokudonsa. Ingaphezulu lenduku ephonsayo linokhahlo, ngemingcele enawo amabala e-oyela, uthuli, ukugcwala, njll., Konke okukhulisa ukuthambekela kwezinhlayiya.
4 Isiphetho
(1) Ukwakheka kwezinkinga zokudonsa kuyahambisana naleso matrix; Ukwakheka kwesikhundla esiyizinhlayiyana kusobala ukuthi kwehlukile kulokho kwe-matrix, ikakhulukazi equkethe o, c, FE, kanye ne-SI.
. Noma yiziphi izinto ezikhuthaza i-aluminium enamathela kwibhande lokusebenza elibunjiwe lizodala iziphambeko zokudonsa. Esisekelweni sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yenduku ephonsayo, isizukulwane sokudonsela izinhlayiya asinamthelela oqondile ekubukeni kwe-alloy.
(3) Ukwelashwa ngomlilo okufanelekile kuzuzisa ukunciphisa ukudonsa komhlaba.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-10-2024
