Ubukhulu obukhulu bodonga ama-6061t6 Aluminium Alloy kudingeka aqedwe ngemuva kokukhishwa okushisayo. Ngenxa yomkhawulo wokukhishwa okuhlanekezelwe, ingxenye yephrofayili izongena endaweni epholile yamanzi ngokubambezeleka. Lapho i-ingot emfushane elandelayo iqhubeka ikhishwe, le ngxenye yephrofayili izokwenziwa ukubambezeleka. Ungabhekana kanjani nendawo eshintshiwe yokuqothula kuyinkinga ukuthi yonke inkampani yokukhiqiza idinga ukucubungula. Lapho imfucuza yenqubo yokukhishwa komsila ekhishwa ifushane, amasampula okusebenza athathwe kwesinye isikhathi ayafaneleka futhi kwesinye isikhathi ayinakufaneleka. Lapho ihlehla kabusha kusuka ohlangothini, ukusebenza kuphinde kwafaneleka. Lo mbhalo unikeza incazelo ehambisanayo ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo.
1. Izinto zokuhlola nezindlela
Izinto ezisetshenziswe kulolu vivinyo ngo-6061 aluminium alloy. Ukwakheka kwalo kwamakhemikhali okulinganiswa ukuhlaziya okubukelayo kungokulandelayo: Kuhambisana ne-GB / T 3190-1996 International 6061 Aluminium Alloy
Kulesi sivivinyo, ingxenye yephrofayili esetshenzisiwe yathathwa yokwelashwa kwesisombululo esiqinile. Iphrofayili ende ye-400mm yahlukaniswa yaba yizindawo ezimbili. Indawo 1 yayipholile ngokuqondile amanzi futhi icishiwe. I-Area 2 yaphola emoyeni imizuzwana engama-90 bese iphola amanzi. Umdwebo wokuhlola uboniswa kuMfanekiso 1.
Iphrofayili ye-Aluminium Alloy esetshenziswa kulolu vivinyo olusetshenziswe kulolu vivinyo olukhishwe yi-4000ust extruder. Izinga lokushisa le-Main lingu-500 ° C, izinga lokushisa lenduku le-casting lingu-510 Ubude be-Test Peart bathathwa kusuka maphakathi kwephrofayili eseqediwe. Ububanzi besampula bungu-150mm kanti ukuphakama kungu-10.00mm.
Amasampula athathiwe ayehlukaniswe bese ebe esethathwa njengendlela yokwelashwa ngesisombululo. Ukushisa kwesixazululo kwakungu-530 ° C kanye nesikhathi sesixazululo kwakungamahora ama-4. Ngemuva kokukhipha, amasampula afakwa ethangini elikhulu lamanzi elinokujula kwamanzi nge-100mm. Ithangi lamanzi elikhudlwana lingaqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi ethangi lamanzi lishintsha kancane ngemuva kwesampula ku-zone 1 lipholile, livimbela ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi ekuthinteni amandla apholile amanzi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa amanzi, qiniseka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingaphakathi kobubanzi be-20-25 ° C. Amasampula acijile ayeseneminyaka engu-165 ° C * 8H.
Thatha ingxenye yesampula 400mm eside 30mm ububanzi 10mm obukhulu, bese wenza ukuhlolwa kanzima kwe-Brinell. Yenza izilinganiso ezi-5 njalo nge-10mm. Thatha inani elijwayelekile lobulukhuni be-5 Brinoll njengoba bukhuni ubulukhuni be-brinell buholela kuleli phuzu, bese ubona ubunzima bashintsha iphethini.
Izakhiwo zemishini zephrofayili zahlolwa, kanti neSigaba sokuqala se-Tensile Parallel salawulwa ezikhundleni ezihlukile zesampula engu-400mm ukubheka izakhiwo zeTenactile kanye ne-Fracture indawo.
Inkambu yokushisa yokwehla kwamanzi okuqediwe kwesampula kanye nokucishwa ngemuva kokubambezeleka kwama-90s kwenziwa nge-software ye-ansys, kanye namanani apholile amaphrofayili ezikhundleni ezihlukile ahlaziywa.
2. Imiphumela yokuhlola kanye nokuhlaziywa
2.1 Imiphumela yokuhlolwa Hardeness
Umdwebo 2 ukhombisa ubulukhuni baguqula ijika lesampula elide elingu-400mm elinganikezwa umhloli we-brinell hardness (ubude be-abscissa bumelela i-10mm, kanti isikali sokwehlukanisa siwumugqa ohlukanisayo phakathi kokuqothuka okujwayelekile). Kungatholwa ukuthi ubulukhuni ekugcineni obupholile lwamanzi buzinze cishe ngo-95hb. Ngemuva komugqa ohlukanisayo phakathi kokupholisa amanzi futhi ubambezele ama-90s-colching agining, ubulukhuni buqala ukwehla, kepha izinga lokuwohloka lihamba kancane ekuqaleni. Ngemuva kwe-40mm (89hb), ubulukhuni bawela kakhulu, futhi behla ngenani eliphansi kakhulu (77hb) ngo-80mm. Ngemuva kuka-80mm, ubulukhuni aluzange buqhubeke bunciphe, kepha banda ngezinga elithile. Ukwanda bekuncane. Ngemuva kuka-130mm, ubulukhuni buhlala bungashintshiwe cishe ngo-83hb. Ingacatshangelwa ukuthi ngenxa yomphumela wokushisa, izinga lokupholisa lengxenye eqeda ukubambezeleka yashintsha.
2.2 Imiphumela yokuhlola ukusebenza kanye nokuhlaziywa
Ithebula 2 libonisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuthe xaxa okwenziwe kumasampula athathwe ezikhundleni ezahlukene zesigaba esifanayo. Kungatholwa ukuthi amandla ashubile futhi anikeze amandla we-No. 1 no-2 acishe abe ngushintsho. Njengoba ingxenye yemali ehlehlisiwe yokuqeda amandla iyanda, amandla ashubayo kanye namandla okuvutha we-alloy akhombisa ukuthambekela okuphezulu kwehle. Kodwa-ke, amandla ashubile endaweni ngayinye yesampula ingaphezulu kwamandla ajwayelekile. Kulapho kuphela endaweni enobulukhuni obuphansi kakhulu, amandla okuvutha aphansi kuneZinga lesampula, ukusebenza kwesampula kungafaneleki.
Umdwebo 4 ukhombisa imiphumela yezakhiwo ze-Tensale of Sample Chali. Ukwehla kobulukhuni kukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwesampula kuncishisiwe, kepha ubulukhuni buncipha kancane, kuphela okuncipha kusuka ku-95hb kuya cishe ngo-91HB ekugcineni kwengxenye ehambisanayo. Njengoba kungabonakala emiphumeleni yokusebenza etafuleni 1, amandla ashubile ancipha kusuka ku-342mpa kuya ku-320MPA ukuze apholise amanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwatholakala ukuthi iphuzu lokuphuka kwesampula elishukumisayo lisekupheleni kwesigaba esifanayo nobulukhuni obuphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kukude kakhulu nokupholisa kwamanzi, ukusebenza kwe-alloy kuncishisiwe, futhi ukuphela kufinyelela umkhawulo wamandla we-Tensile kuqala ukuze wakhe umgexo phansi. Ekugcineni, hlukana nendawo yokusebenza ephansi kakhulu, futhi isikhundla sekhefu siyahambisana nemiphumela yokuhlola ukusebenza.
Umdwebo 5 ukhombisa ukuqina kwengxenye yengxenye efanayo yesampula uNombolo 4 kanye ne-Fracture isikhundla. Kungatholwa ukuthi kude kakhulu nomugqa wokuhlukanisa opholile wamanzi, kwehlisa ubulukhuni bokuphela kokubambezeleka okuqedwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, indawo yokuphuka futhi isekupheleni lapho ubulukhuni buphansi kakhulu, 86hb fractures. Kusuka etafuleni 2, kutholakala ukuthi cishe akukho deformation yepulasitiki ekugcineni okupholile kwamanzi. Ukusuka etafuleni 1, kutholakala ukuthi ukusebenza kwesampula (amandla ashukumisayo 298MPA, ukuveza ama-266MPA) kuncishiswa kakhulu. Amandla asheshayo angu-298MPA kuphela, angafinyeleli amandla okuvuselela ukuphela kwamanzi (315MPA). Ukuphela kwakha umgexo phansi lapho kuphansi kune-315mpa. Ngaphambi kokuqhekeka, kwenzeka kuphela ukuphuma kwe-elastic endaweni epholile yamanzi. Njengoba ukucindezelwa kwanyamalala, ubunzima endaweni epholile amanzi banyamalala. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani le-defformation endaweni epholile yamanzi etafuleni 2 icishe ingaguquli. I-Sampula ikhefu ekugcineni komlilo obambezelekile, indawo edonswayo incishisiwe, futhi ubunzima bokugcina buphansi kakhulu, okuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwemiphumela yokusebenza.
Thatha amasampula endaweni eyi-100% eqeda ukuncipha ekugcineni kwe-400mm speciden. Umdwebo 6 ukhombisa ukuqina kobulukhuni. Ubulukhuni bengxenye ehambisanayo buyekwa lube cishe ku-83-84HB futhi luzinzile. Ngenxa yenqubo efanayo, ukusebenza kucishe kufane. Ayikho iphethini elisobala etholakala endaweni yokuphuka. Ukusebenza kwe-alloy kuphansi kunalokho kwesampula elicinywe amanzi.
Ukuze uphinde uhlole ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kanye nokuqhekeka, ingxenye efanayo ye-Tensile Specimen yakhethwa eduze kwephuzu eliphansi kakhulu lobulukhuni (77hb). Ukusuka etafuleni 1, kwatholakala ukuthi ukusebenza kwehliswe kakhulu, futhi iphuzu lokuphuka livele endaweni ephansi kakhulu kuMfanekiso 2.
2.3 Imiphumela Yokuhlaziywa kwe-Ansys
Umdwebo 7 ukhombisa imiphumela yokulingisa kwe-Anys kwama-curve apholile ezikhundleni ezihlukile. Kungabonakala ukuthi izinga lokushisa lesampula endaweni epholile yamanzi yehle ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwama-5s, izinga lokushisa lehle laya ngaphansi kwe-100 ° C, futhi ku-80mm kusuka kulayini wokuhlukanisa, izinga lokushisa lehle liye ku-210 ° C kuma-90s. Ukwehla kwamazinga okushisa okujwayelekile kungu-3.5 ° C / s. Ngemuva kwemizuzwana engu-90 endaweni yokugcina indawo yokupholisa umoya, izinga lokushisa lehla lize lifinyelele ku-360 ° C, ngesilinganiso sokudonsa esimaphakathi sika-1.9 ° C / S.
Ngokuhlaziywa kokusebenza kanye nemiphumela yokulingisa, kutholakala ukuthi ukusebenza kwendawo epholile yamanzi kanye nendawo ehlehlisiwe yendawo yindlela yokushintsha iyisiguquli sokuqala esehlise futhi sanda kancane. Ukuthathwa kokupholisa kwamanzi eduze komugqa wokuhlukanisa, ukushiswa kokushisa kubangela ukuba isampula endaweni ethile ukuze yehle ngezinga lokupholisa ngaphansi kwalo lokupholisa kwamanzi (3.5 ° C / s). Ngenxa yalokhu, uMg2si, oqiniswe kwi-matrix, ehlelwe ngobuningi kule ndawo, kanti izinga lokushisa lehle laya ku-210 ° C ngemuva kwemizuzwana engama-90 ngemuva kwemizuzwana engama-90. Inani elikhulu le-MG2SI ye-LED LED emphumeleni omncane wokupholisa amanzi ngemuva kwama-90 s. Inani lesigaba se-MG2SI esiqinisa ngemuva ngemuva kokulashwa kokuguga lancishiswa kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwesampula kwancishiswa ngemuva kwalokho. Kodwa-ke, indawo eqeda ukubambezeleka eqeda kude nomugqa wokuhlukanisa ayithinteki kangako ngokushisa okupholile kwamanzi, futhi i-alloy ipholisa kancane ngaphansi kwezimo zokupholisa umoya (isilinganiso sokupholisa i-1.9 ° C / s). Ingxenye encane kuphela yesigaba se-MG2SI ehamba kancane, futhi izinga lokushisa lingu-360C ngemuva kwama-90s. Ngemuva kokupholisa kwamanzi, iningi lesigaba se-MG2SI seliseMatrix, futhi lihlakazeka futhi liqonde ngemuva kokuguga, okubamba iqhaza eliqinisayo.
3. Isiphetho
Kutholwe ngokuhlolwa okubambezelekile kuzokwenza ukuba bululekwe indawo yokubambezeleka eqedile ekuxhumaneni okujwayelekile futhi ukubambezeleka kokucima ukuze kuncishiswe ukuncipha kuqala bese kukhuphuka kancane.
Ngo-6061 aluminium alloy, amandla ashubile ngemuva kokuqothuka okujwayelekile futhi ukubambezeleka okuqediwe ama-942mpa kanye nama-285MPA ngokulandelana, futhi ama-252mpa ahlangabezana namazinga okusebenza ayisampula.
Kunesifunda ngobulukhuni obuphansi, okuncishisiwe kusuka ngo-95hb kuya ku-77hb ngemuva kokujula okujwayelekile. Ukusebenza lapha futhi kuphansi kakhulu, ngamandla ashubile angama-271MPA kanye namandla okuvutha angu-220MPA.
Ngokuhlaziywa kwe-ANSYS, kwatholakala ukuthi izinga lokupholisa endaweni yokusebenza eliphansi kakhulu kuma-90s ahlehlisiwe indawo ancishisiwe ancishiswe cishe ngo-3.5 ° C ngomzuzwana, okuholela kwikhambi eliqinile eliqinile lesigaba se-MG2SI. Ngokusho kwalesi sihloko, kungabonakala ukuthi i-Perfordact Favel Point Point ivela endaweni ecijile ukubambezeleka emhlanganweni wokuqedwa okujwayelekile nokubambezeleka kokugcina ngokugcinwa komsila wokukhishwa ukuqeda imfucuza.
Kuhlelwe ngoMeyi Jiang kusuka ku-Mat Aluminium
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-28-2024
