Amaphrofayili we-Aluminium Alloy eza ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningi kanye nokucaciswa, ngezinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza, ubuchwepheshe obunzima kanye nezidingo eziphakeme. Izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zizokwenzeka nakanjani kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza yokuphonsa, ukukhishwa, ukuqeda ukwelashwa kokushisa, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu, ukugcinwa, izinto zokuhamba kanye nokupakipha.
Izimbangela kanye nezindlela zokuqedwa kweziphene ezingaphezulu:
1. Ukulandela
Imbangela:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ingaphezulu le-Ingot ligcwele ngo-oyili nothuli, noma ingxenye yokusebenza kokuphela kwangaphambili komgqomo we-extrusion igqoke kakhulu, okwenza ukunqwabelana kwensimbi engcolile ezungeze indawo ebanzi yendawo yangaphambili. Kwakheka lapho ingaphezulu le-sliding lendawo elandayo ligibela lingene engxenyeni yomkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Imvamisa ivela ekugcineni komsila womkhiqizo. Ezimweni ezinzima, kungavela nasekupheleni okuphakathi noma ukuphela kwangaphambili komkhiqizo. Kukhona namalungiselelo angenangqondo okufa, eduze kakhulu nodonga olungaphakathi lwe-barrel ye-extrusion, ukugqoka ngokweqile noma ukuguqulwa kwenkundla yokukhishwa kanye ne-declusion pad, njll., Okungabangela nokubekwa.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Thuthukisa ukuhlanzeka kwe-Ingot Surface.
2) Yehlisa ubulukhuni be-cylinder ye-extrusion kanye nesikhunta, bese ubuyisela ngokushesha isilinda sokukhishwa kanye nephedi yokukhishwa okugqokwa kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokubekezelelana.
3) Ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwesikhunta bese wenza isikhundla se-die hole kude kude nomphetho wesilinda wesilinda sokukhishwa ngangokunokwenzeka.
4) Yehlisa umehluko phakathi kobubanzi be-pad extrusion kanye nobubanzi besilinda besilinda sokukhishwa, bese unciphisa insimbi engcolile engcolile ku-lining yesilinda se-cylindeon yesilinda.
5) Gcina i-lining yesilinda se-extrusion iqinile, noma usebenzise i-gasket ukuhlanza ulayini ngesikhathi.
6) Ngemuva kokusika izinto ezisele, kufanele kuhlanzwe futhi akukho mafutha wokuthambisa okufanele avunyelwe.
2. Ama-Bubble noma Ukukhonkotha
Imbangela:
Imbangela ukuthi ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwe-Ingot kunesiphamba njengokulangazelela, ama-pores, kanye nesivinini sangaphakathi, noma ijubane lokukhishwa lishesha kakhulu ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa, okubangela umoya kudonswe emkhiqizweni wensimbi .
Izizathu Zokukhiqizwa kwama-Bubble noma Ukukhonkotha kufaka:
1) Isilinda se-Extrusion kanye nePad ye-Extresion egqokwa futhi kuphephele.
2) Isilinda se-extrusion kanye ne-pad extrusion engcolile kakhulu futhi inamafutha ngamafutha, umswakama, i-graphite, njll.;
3) Kunemisindo eminingi ejulile yefosholo ejulile ebusweni be-Ingot; Noma kukhona ama-pores, ama-blisters, izicubu ezikhululekile namabala kawoyela ebusweni be-Ingot. Ukuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen ye-Ingot kuphakeme;
4) Umgqomo awuzange uhlanzwe lapho ungena esikhundleni se-alloy;
5) izinga lokushisa lesilinda se-extrusion kanye ne-isot extresion ephezulu kakhulu;
6) Usayizi we-Ingot weqa ukuphambuka okungekuhle okuvumelekile;
7) I-ingot yinde kakhulu, igcwele ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa le-ingot alilingani;
8) Umklamo we-Die Hole awunangqondo. Noma ukusika izinto ezisele ngokungafanele;
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Thuthukisa izinga lokucwengisisa, ukuquqa nokuphonswa kabusha ukuvikela amaphutha anjenge-pores, ukukhululeka, imifantu nezinye iziphambeko ku-Ingot;
2) ukuklama ubukhulu be-bradical ubukhulu besilinda besilinda se-extrusion kanye nephedi yokukhishwa; Hlola usayizi wethuluzi njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi lihlangabezana nezidingo.
3) Iphedi lokukhishwa alikwazi ukubekezelela;
4) Lapho ungena esikhundleni se-alloy, isilinda kufanele sihlanzwe kahle;
5) yehlisa ijubane lesigaba sokukhishwa kanye nesigaba sokugcwalisa;
6) gcina izindawo zamathuluzi nama-ingots zihlanzekile, zibushelelezi futhi zomile ukuze zinciphise ukuthambisa kwephethi le-extrusion kanye nesikhunta;
7) Ukusebenza okuqinile, ukusika okulungile kwezinto ezisele nokuphelelwa amandla ngokuphelele;
8) Indlela yokufudumeza ye-INGOT isetshenziselwa ukwenza amazinga okushisa ekhanda we-ingot aphezulu kanye nokushisa komsila okuphansi. Lapho ukugcwaliswa, inhloko yokwelapha kuqala, futhi igesi kusilinda ikhishwe kancane kancane ngegebe phakathi kwephedi nodonga lwesilinda esingejwayelekile;
9) Bheka imishini nezinsimbi njalo ukuvikela izinga lokushisa ngokweqile kanye nesivinini esikhulu;
10) I-10) Iklamise futhi yenzele amathuluzi nokubumba, bese uklama izimbobo zemihlahlandlela kanye ne-diverter izimbobo zomthamo wangaphakathi 1 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 ° kuya ku-3 °.
3. Ukuqhekeka kokukhishwa
Imbangela:
Ukuvela kwemifantu kuhlobene nengcindezi nokugeleza kwensimbi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa. Ukuthatha imifantu yesikhathi ngezikhathi ezithile njengesibonelo, izingqinamba zesimo sokubumba kanye nomphumela wokushayisana kokuxhumana kuvimbela ukuhamba kwendawo engenalutho. I-Flow velocity enkabeni yomkhiqizo inkulu kakhulu kune-flow velocity yensimbi yangaphandle, ukuze insimbi yangaphandle ingaphansi kokuxineka okwengeziwe kwezinyembezi, futhi isikhungo sincike ekucindezelekeni okwengeziwe okucindezelayo. Isizukulwane sokuxineka okungeziwe sishintsha isimo esiyisisekelo sokucindezela endaweni yezenkolo, okubangela ukucindezelwa okuxakile kwe-warser engaphezulu (amandla okucindezela okuyisisekelo nokucindezela okwengeziwe) kungahle kube ngcindezi. Lapho le ngcindezi yeTensile ifinyelela umkhawulo wamandla wangempela wensimbi, ukunwebeka kwangaphakathi kwangaphakathi kuzovela ebusweni, ukwakheka kwalo kuhlobene nesivinini sensimbi nge-deformation zone.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Qinisekisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwe-alloy kuhlangabezana nezidingo ezicacisiwe, kuthuthukise ikhwalithi ye-Ingot, kunciphise okuqukethwe ukungcola ku-Ingot okuzodala ukwehla kwepulasitiki, futhi kunciphise okuqukethwe kwe-sodium kuma-magnesium aphezulu.
2) Sebenzisa ngokuqinile ukucaciswa okuhlukahlukene nokuchazwa kokukhishwa, futhi ukulawula okunengqondo okushisa okuthuthukile nesivinini ngokuya ngezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezimpawu zomkhiqizo.
3) Ukwenza ngcono ukwakhiwa kwesikhunta, ukukhulisa ubude bebhande lokukhulisa isikhunta bese kukhulisa ngokufanele imisebe ye-fillet yamakhona esigaba seSigaba. Ikakhulu, ukwakheka kwebhuloho lokubumba, igumbi lesiteshi se-soldering, kanye nomsakazo ekhoneni kumele kube okunengqondo.
4) Thuthukisa umphumela we-homogenization we-Ingot futhi uthuthukise i-plasticity kanye nokufana kwe-alloy.
5) Lapho izimo zivuma, zisebenzisa izindlela ezinjenge-lubrication ukukhishwa, isigaxa sokufa noma ukukhishwa okubuyela emuva ukunciphisa i-deformation engalingani.
6) Hlola njalo amathuluzi nemishini yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile.
4. I-Orange ikhasi
Imbangela:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ukwakheka kwangaphakathi komkhiqizo kunama-coarse. Ngokuvamile, ama-coarser okusanhlamvu, abonakala ngokwengeziwe. Ikakhulu lapho ukugcwala kukhulu, lolu hlobo lwesimo se-peel se-orange kungenzeka senzeke.
Izindlela Zokuvimbela:
Ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kweziphambeko ze-orange ze-orange, into esemqoka ukukhetha izinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nesivinini sokukhishwa kwesisulu bese ulawula ukugcwala. Thuthukisa ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwe-INGOT futhi uvikele okusanhlamvu okuhlanganayo.
5. Amabala amnyama
Imbangela:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi izinga lokupholisa endaweni yokuxhumana phakathi kwengxenye ebiyelwe ngodonga elibi Ngakho-ke, isakhiwo sangaphakathi sehlukile futhi ukubukeka kukhombisa umbala omnyama.
Indlela yokuqothula:
Indlela esemqoka ukuqinisa ukupholisa kwetafula elidilikayo futhi ungayeki endaweni eyodwa lapho ufika etafuleni elishelelayo nokuphola okupholile, ukuze imikhiqizo ixhumana nabantu abavimbela ukushisa ezikhundleni ezihlukile zokuthuthukisa izimo ezihlukile zokupholisa.
6. Imivimbo yezicubu
Imbangela:
Ngenxa yesakhiwo esingalingani kanye nokwakheka kwezingxenye ezingezinhle, imigqa efana nebhendi endaweni yokukhishwa kuvela kwimikhiqizo. Ngokuvamile zivela ezindaweni lapho kushintsha khona udonga. Lokhu kunganqunywa ngokugqwala noma nge-anodizing. Lapho kushintsha amazinga okushisa okukhulisa, i-banding kwesinye isikhathi inganyamalala noma iguqulwe ngobubanzi nangokwakheka. Imbangela ibangelwa i-macroscopic engalingani noma i-microsercucture ye-Ingot, i-homogenization enganele ye-Ingot noma uhlelo olungalungile lokushisa lokucutshungulwa komkhiqizo.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) I-INGOT kufanele ihlanjululwe ukugwema ukusebenzisa ama-Ingots abunjiwe.
2) Thuthukisa isikhunta, khetha ukwakheka okufanele kwe-cavity yomhlahlandlela, bese unquma umhlahlandlela noma umhlahlandlela webhande lokulinganisa.
7.
Imbangela:
Kubangelwa ikakhulukazi umehluko wesakhiwo phakathi kwengxenye ye-welded yokugeleza kwensimbi kanye nezinye izingxenye zensimbi ekukhishweni kufa. Noma kungadalwa ngokuhlinzekwa okunganele kwe-aluminium emgodini wokulwa we-walding ngesikhathi sokukhishwa.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Thuthukisa ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sebhuloho kanye nomgodi we-welding we-split ehlanganisiwe. Njengokuguqula isilinganiso sokuhlukaniswa - isilinganiso sendawo ye-Split Hole endaweni yomkhiqizo ekhishwe kuyo, kanye nokujula kwe-welding cavity.
2) Ukuqinisekisa isilinganiso esithile sokukhishwa, naka ukulingana phakathi kokushisa kokukhishwa kanye nesivinini sokukhishwa.
3) Ungasebenzisi amaketanga okuphonsa ngamabala kawoyela ebusweni ukugwema ukuxubana kokuthambisa kanye nendaba yakwamanye amazwe ku-welding ngokuhlangana.
4) Ungasebenzisi uwoyela kwisilinda ekhishelwe ukukhishwa kanye nephedi yokukhishwa bese uwagcina ehlanzekile.
I-5) yandisa kahle ubude bezinto ezisele.
8. Imigqa ye-welding enezingqimba noma amamaki okumisa
Imbangela:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhishwa okuqhubekayo, insimbi ekubumbeni ayifakwanga kabi ngensimbi engaphambili ye-malet entsha.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Ulola ibala lesikhafu elisetshenziselwa ukusika impahla esele bese liliqonde.
2) Hlanza ingaphezulu lokuphela kwe-billet ukuvikela ukugcoba uwoyela kanye nendaba yakwamanye amazwe ngokuxubha ngaphakathi.
3) Khuphula izinga lokushisa lokukhishwa ngokufanele futhi unwebe kancane futhi ngokulinganayo.
4) I-Design Ngokufanelekile bese ukhetha amathuluzi isikhunta, izinto zokwakha, ukuxhumanisa usayizi, amandla nobulukhuni.
9. Imihuzuko, imihuzuko
Imbangela:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi lapho imikhiqizo ithuthwa ngokuvundlile isuka etafuleni le-Slide Pear to the umkhiqizo osuqediwe umkhiqizo ophelile, izinto ezinzima ziphuma embhedeni opholile futhi ziklembe imikhiqizo. Ezinye zazo zenzeka ngesikhathi sokulayisha nokuhamba.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Ibhande le-maling lizing kufanele libe bushelelezi futhi lihlanzeke, futhi ithuluzi elingenalutho le-ATTION kufanele futhi libushelelezi.
2) Bheka ngokucophelela lapho ufaka isikhunta ukugwema ukusebenzisa isikhunta ngokuqhekeka okuncane. Naka imisakazo ye-fillet lapho uklama isikhunta.
3) Bheka bese uPolish the BELT Work Work ngokushesha. Ubulukhuni bobumba kufanele bufane.
4) Imvamisa hlola umbhede opholile futhi uqede itafula lokugcina umkhiqizo. Kufanele zibe bushelelezi ukuvikela izinkampani ezinzima kusuka ekushayeleni imikhiqizo. Indlela yomhlahlandlela ingagcotshwa kahle.
5) Lapho kulayishwa, ama-spacers athambile kunomkhiqizo ophelile kufanele abekwe, futhi ukuthutha nokuphakamisa kufanele kwenziwe kahle futhi ngokucophelela.
10. Ukucindezela kwensimbi
Imbangela:
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi i-Alumina Slag ikhiqizwe endaweni engenalutho yommese wesikhundla sokubumba emkhiqizweni ongezelwe futhi igeleze etafuleni lokukhipha noma icindezelwe ebusweni bezinto ezihlanganisiwe ngabakwa-roller. Ngesikhathi soku-anodization, akukho ifilimu oxide noma ama-induction noma imigodi yakhelwa lapho insimbi icindezelwa khona.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Shesha ibhande lokulinganisa futhi unciphise ubude bebhande le-sizing.
2) Lungisa ummese ongenalutho webhande le-sizing.
3) Shintsha ukwakheka kwezimbobo zokufa bese uzama ukugwema ukubeka indawo eyisicaba yomkhiqizo ngaphansi kanye nokuxhumana nama-roller ukuvikela i-alumina slag ukuthi icindezelwe.
4) Hlanza ingaphezulu bese uphela nge-Ingot futhi ugweme ukushefa kwensimbi emafutheni athambisayo.
11. Ezinye izilima ezingaphezulu
Imbangela:
1) Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa nokukhonkotha, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali akulingani, ngezitha zensimbi, ama-pores, kanye nokufakwa okungabonakali, ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwefilimu le-oxide noma ngensimbi akulingani.
2) Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa, izinga lokushisa kanye ne-defformation akulingani, ijubane lokukhishwa lishesha kakhulu, ukupholisa akulingani, futhi isakhiwo asilingani lapho oxhumana naye kanye namafutha.
3) Idizayini yokubumba ayinangqondo futhi inguquko phakathi kwamakhona abukhali okubumba abushelelezi. Ummese ongenalutho mncane kakhulu futhi uklwethule insimbi, isikhunta asicutshungulwa kahle, sinama-burrs futhi asibushelelezi, futhi ukwelashwa kwe-nitride akukuhle. Ubulukhuni obungalingani bungalingani futhi ibhande lomsebenzi alibushelelezi.
4) Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelashwa engaphezulu, okuhlushwayo kwe-liquid, izinga lokushisa, kanye nobuningi bamanje akunangqondo, futhi i-acid corrosion noma inqubo yokwelashwa kwe-alkali yokugqwala noma inqubo yokwelashwa kwe-alkali ayifanele.
Indlela yokuqothula:
1) Lawula ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, yenza kahle inqubo yokusakaza, ukuqinisa ukuhlanzwa, ukucolisiswa kanye ne-homogenization.
2) Inqubo ye-Ingot Homogenization idinga ukupholisa okusheshayo.
3) Ukulawula okunengqondo okushisa kokukhishwa kwesivinini kanye nejubane lokuqinisekisa ukungafani komfaniswano futhi usebenzise ubude be-ingot.
4) Thuthukisa ukwakheka kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza zesikhunta, khulisa ubunzima bebhande lokusebenza isikhunta, bese wehlisa ubulukhuni bendawo.
5) Lungiselela inqubo ye-nitriding.
6) Lawula ngokuqinile inqubo yokwelashwa engaphezulu ukuvikela ukulimala kwesibili noma ukungcola ebusweni ngesikhathi sokugqwala kwe-acid noma ukugqwala kwe-alkali.
Kuhlelwe ngoMeyi Jiang kusuka ku-Mat Aluminium
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-28-2024
