Ama-Reuters abonakala enemithombo emihle ejulile ngaphakathi kweTesla. Embikweni wangoSepthemba 14, 2023, kusho abantu abangaphansi kuka-5 abakutshelile ukuthi inkampani isondele umgomo wayo wokuphonsa umuntu ngaphansi kwezimoto zayo esiqeshini esisodwa. Ukudla okufa ngokuyisisekelo kuyinqubo elula. Dala isikhunta, ugcwalise ngensimbi encibilikisiwe, uyivumele ipholile, ususe isikhunta, ne-voila! Imoto esheshayo. Isebenza kahle uma wenza ama-tinkertoys noma izimoto ze-matchbox, kepha kunzima kakhulu uma uzama ukuyisebenzisa ukwenza izimoto ezigcwele.
Ama-Coneestoga Wagons ayakhiwa ngaphezulu kwamafreyimu enziwe ngokhuni. Izimoto zokuqala nazo zisebenzise ozimele zokhuni. Lapho uHenry Ford edala umugqa womhlangano wokuqala, indlela evamile kwakuwukwakha izimoto ngohlaka lwasendaweni - ojantshi bezinsimbi ezimbili eziboshwe kanye nezicucu eziphambano. Imoto yokukhiqiza ye-UNIBODYDY YOKUQALA yayiyi-Critoen Traction avant ngo-1934, ilandelwa yi-Chrysler Airflow ngonyaka olandelayo.
Izimoto ze-Unibody azinalo uhlaka ngaphansi kwazo. Esikhundleni salokho, umzimba wensimbi ubunjiwe futhi wakhelwa ngendlela yokuthi ingasekela isisindo se-drivetrain futhi ivikele abahlali uma kwenzeka ingozi. Kusukela ngawo-1950s, abenzi bezimoto, abakhuthazwe abakhiqizi abasha abaphayona izinkampani zaseJapan ezifana neHonda neToyota, zishintshele ekwenzeni izimoto ezinamasondo angaphambili.
Yonke i-PowerTrain, ephelele ngenjini, ukuhambisa, okuhlukile, ama-driveshaff, ama-struts, namabhuleki, kufakwe injini ehlukaniswe ngenye indlela kwenziwa izimoto ezakhiwe ngohlaka. Isizathu soshintsho? Izikhathi zomhlangano ezisheshayo eziholele ekukhiqizweni kweyunithi yokwengeza.
Isikhathi eside, ubuchwepheshe be-Unibody Technology bathandwa ngezimoto ezibizwa ngokuthi yizomnotho ngenkathi amafreyimu we-ladder ayengukukhetha ama-sedans amakhulu nezinqola. Kwakukhona ezinye nzalo ezixutshwe - izimoto ezinemijaho yozimele ngaphambili kuqhume egumbini elingagibeli le-Unibody. UChevy Nova noMGB babeyizibonelo zalo mkhuba, ongahlali isikhathi eside.
UTesla Pivots kuya ekucindezelweni okuphezulu
UTesla, owenze umkhuba wokuphazamisa ukuthi zenziwa kanjani izimoto, waqala ukuzama ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwengcindezelo eminyakeni eminingana eyedlule. Okokuqala kwagxila ekwenzeni isakhiwo sangemuva. Lapho inelungelo lelo, lalikhanyisa ekwenzeni isakhiwo sangaphambili. Manje, ngokuya ngemithombo, uTesla ugxile ekucindezelweni ngokusakaza ngaphambili, enkabeni, kanye nezigaba ezingemuva konke ekusebenzeni okukodwa.
Ngani? Ngoba amasu okukhiqiza endabuko asebenzisa izitembu ezifika kuma-400 afinyelela ku-WELD, aqhume, agwinyiwe, noma ahlanganiswe ndawonye ukwenza isakhiwo se-UNIBODY HOLKRE ephelele. Uma uTesla angathola leli lungelo, izindleko zalo zokukhiqiza zingavinjwa ngamaphesenti angama-50. Lokho, nakho, kuzobeka ingcindezi enkulu kuwo wonke amanye umenzi ukuphendula noma ukuzithola kungakwazi ukuncintisana.
Kuhamba ngaphandle kokuthi labo abakhiqizi bazizwa behlaselwe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi njengoba izisebenzi ezihlanganisiwe eziphezulu zibhekene namasango futhi zifuna ucezu olukhulu lwenzuzo olusatholwa.
UTerry Woychowsk, obesebenza eGeneral Motors iminyaka engamashumi amathathu, uyazi into noma ezimbili mayelana nezimoto ezenziwayo. Manje usengumongameli wenkampani yonjiniyela yase-US CarSoft Global. Utshela ama-Reuters ukuthi uma uTesla ekwazi ukuyokwazi ukugcwala iningi lalowo ngaphansi kobuso be-EV, kungaphazamisa kakhulu indlela izimoto eziklanyelwe futhi zakhiqizwa. "Kuyisinikeli kuma-steroid. Inomthelela omkhulu embonini, kepha umsebenzi oyinselele kakhulu. I-Castings Kunzima kakhulu ukuyenza, ikakhulukazi enkulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. "
Imithombo emibili yathi ukwakhiwa okusha kweTesla namasu okukhiqiza asho ukuthi inkampani ingahlakulela imoto ukusuka emhlabathini kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-18 kuya kwezingama-24, ngenkathi izimbangi eziningi okwamanje zingathatha noma kuphi ukusuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine. Uhlaka olulodwa olukhulu - ukuhlanganisa izingxenye zangaphambili nezingemuva ngomuntu ophakathi nendawo lapho ibhethri zigcinwa khona - zingasetshenziswa ukwenza imoto entsha, encane kagesi ethengiswa cishe ngama- $ 25,000. UTesla kulindeleke ukuthi anqume ukuthi uzokufa yini ipulatifomu eyodwa ngokushesha nje lapho kule nyanga, kusho imithombo emithathu yemithombo.
Izinselelo ezibalulekile phambili
Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ze-Tesla ekusebenziseni ama-castrings aphezulu aqamba ama-subframes angenalutho kepha anezimbambo zangaphakathi ezidingekayo ukubenza bakwazi ukuqeda amandla okuphahlazeka. Imithombo ifuna izinto ezintsha ngokuklama nangochwepheshe bokuphonsa ongoti eBrithani, eJalimane, eJapan, kanye ne-United States basebenzisa ukuphrinta kwe-3D kanye nesihlabathi sezimboni.
Ukwenza isikhunta esidingekayo ukuze uthole ingcindezi ephezulu yokuxoshwa kwezinto ezinkulu kungabiza kakhulu futhi kuza nezingozi ezinkulu. Lapho sekukhishwe isikhunta sesibili esikhulu sensimbi, sekwenziwe ama-tweaks ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakhiwa kungabiza ama- $ 100,000 a Go, noma anciphise isikhunta kuphela angafika ku- $ 1.5 million, ngokochwepheshe oyedwa wokuphonsa. Omunye uthe yonke inqubo yokwakheka kwesikhunta esikhulu sensimbi yayivame ukubiza cishe ama- $ 4 million.
Ama-automokers amaningi athambise izindleko nobungozi obuphakeme kakhulu, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukwakheka kungadinga uhhafu weshumi nambili noma ngaphezulu Kepha ingozi yinto engavamile ukuba bahlukumeze u-Elon Musk, okwakungokokuqala ukwenza amarokhethi andize emuva.
Isihlabathi sezimboni nokuphrinta kwe-3D
Kubikwa ukuthi uTesla uphendukele kumafemu enza izivivinyo zokuhlola ziphume esihlabathini sezimboni ezinabaphrinta be-3D. Usebenzisa ifayela ledijithali ledijithali, amaphrinta abizwa ngokuthi yi-Binder Jets efaka i-ejenti ebolayo ewuketshezi esihlabathini esiyisihlabathi bese kancane kancane akha isikhunta, ungqimba ngongqimba, ongafa u-tasten alloys. Ngokusho komthombo owodwa, izindleko zenqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuklama nge-sand casting izindleko cishe ama-3% okwenza into efanayo nge-prototype yensimbi.
Lokho kusho ukuthi uTesla angakwazi ama-prototypes amahlandla amaningi njengoba kudingeka, aphrinte okusha endabeni yamahora asebenzisa imishini evela ezinkampanini ezinjenge-metal yedeskithophu kanye neyunithi yalo yedeskithophu. Umjikelezo wokuqinisekisa ukuklama usebenzisa i-sand casting uthatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, imithombo emibili yathi, iqhathaniswa noma ngabe kuphi kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya konyaka ukuze kusebenze ngensimbi.
Naphezu kwalokho kuvumelana nezimo okukhulu, noma kunjalo, kwakhona inkinga enkulu yokunqoba ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ama-caplings amakhulu ngempumelelo. Ama-aluminium alloys asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-castings aphatha ngendlela ehlukile ekubumbeni okwenziwe ngesihlabathi kunalokho abakwenzayo ezikhunjini ezenziwe ngensimbi. Ama-prototypes asekuqaleni avame ukwehluleka ukufeza ukucaciswa kukaTesla.
Ochwepheshe bokuphonsa banqoba ukuthi ngokwenza ama-alloys akhethekile, ukuhleleka okuhle kwenqubo yokupholisa ye-alloy ebilisiwe, futhi kuza ekwelashweni kokushisa kwangemva kokukhiqizwa kwemithombo, kusho imithombo emithathu yawo. Lapho uTesla wanelisekile ngesinkwa sesihlabathi se-prototype, ingabe selitshale imali ekunikezelweni kwensimbi yokugcina ukuze kukhiqizwe isisindo.
Imithombo ithe imoto encane ezayo ye-TESLA ezayo / i-robotaxi inikeze ithuba elihle lokuphonsa ipulatifomu ye-EV esiqeshini esisodwa, ikakhulukazi ngoba umuntu wayo ongaphansi komhlaba alula. Izimoto ezincane azinalo "overhang" omkhulu ngaphambili nangemuva. "Kufana nesikebhe ngendlela, ugqoko webhethri onamaphiko amancane anamathele kuzo zombili iziphetho. Lokho kuzokwenza ingqondo kucezu olulodwa, "kusho umuntu oyedwa.
Imithombo ithi uTesla kusamele anqume ukuthi hlobo luni lokucindezela okufanele lusetshenziswe uma lunquma ukuphonsa umuntu ngaphansi kwesiqeshana esinye. Ukwenza izingxenye ezinkulu zomzimba ngokushesha kuzodinga imishini emikhulu yokuphonsa ngamandla ngamathani ayi-16,000 noma ngaphezulu. Imishini enjalo izobiza futhi ingadinga izakhiwo ezinkulu zefekthri.
Imishini enamandla aphezulu ama-clampion ayikwazi ukwamukela ama-cores esihlabathi aphrintiwe adingekayo ukwenza ama-subframes ayize. Ukuxazulula leyo nkinga, uTesla usebenzisa uhlobo oluhlukile lokucindezela lapho i-molten alloy ingafakwa khona kancane - indlela evame ukukhiqiza ama-cares aphezulu wekhwalithi futhi angahlalisa ama-cores esihlabathi aphezulu.
Inkinga yile: Leyo nqubo ithatha isikhathi eside. "UTesla wayesakwazi ukukhetha umfutho ophakeme wokukhiqiza, noma angakhetha umjovo we-alloy omncane wekhwalithi nokuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene," kusho omunye wabantu. "Kuseyinto ephonsa uhlamvu lwemali ngalesi sikhathi."
I-takeaway
Noma ngabe yisiphi isinqumo seTesla esenzayo, kuzoba nemiphumela esondela kuyo yonke imboni ye-auto emhlabeni jikelele. UTesla, naphezu kokuncishiswa kwentengo ebalulekile, usakha izimoto zikagesi ngenzuzo - okuthile okwenziwa yi-legacy automourses kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza.
Uma uTesla anganciphisa izindleko zawo zokukhiqiza kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ama-surfings aphezulu wengcindezelo, lezo zinkampani zizoba ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu ngokwezomnotho. Akunzima ukucabanga ukuthi kwenzekeni kuKodak ne-nokia ekwenzekile kubo. Lapho lokho bekuzoshiya umnotho wezwe nabo bonke abasebenzi abenze izimoto ezijwayelekile njengamanje baqagelwa ngumuntu.
Umthombo:https://cleantechnica.com/2023/09/17/Tesla-may-Mave-perfected-one-casting-technology/
Umbhali: USteve Hanley
Kuhlelwe ngoMeyi Jiang kusuka ku-Mat Aluminium
Isikhathi Sokuthumela: Jun-05-2024
