Inqubo Yokwelapha Ukushisa Ekucubunguleni I-Aluminium

1) I-Annealing kanye nokujwayelekile

I-Anealing kanye ne-normalization isetshenziselwa izinto ezingenalutho ze-aluminium ezisetshenziswa ngokushisayo.Insimbi ye-carbon steel kanye ne-alloy steel enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni engaphezu kuka-0.5% kuvame ukudonswa ukuze kuncishiswe ubulukhuni bazo futhi kulula ukuyisika;i-carbon steel ne-alloy steel enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni engaphansi kuka-0.5% isetshenziselwa ukugwema ukunamathela kummese lapho ubulukhuni buphansi kakhulu.Futhi sebenzisa ukwelashwa okujwayelekile.I-Annealing kanye ne-normalization isengakwazi ukulungisa okusanhlamvu nesakhiwo esifanayo, futhi ilungiselele ukwelashwa kokushisa okulandelayo.I-Annealing kanye ne-normalization kuvame ukuhlelwa ngemuva kokukhiqizwa okungenalutho nangaphambi komshini onzima.

2) Ukwelashwa kokuguga

Ukwelashwa kokuguga kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okukhiqizwa ekukhiqizeni okungenalutho kanye nokwenza imishini.

Ukuze ugweme umthwalo womsebenzi wokuthutha ngokweqile, ezingxenyeni ezinembayo jikelele, kwanele ukuhlela ukwelashwa okukodwa kokuguga ngaphambi kokuqeda.Kodwa-ke, izingxenye ezinezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, njengebhokisi lomshini we-jig boring, njll., izinqubo ezimbili noma eziningana zokwelapha zokuguga kufanele zihlelwe.Izingxenye ezilula ngokuvamile azidingi ukwelashwa ukuguga.

Ngokungeziwe ekubumbeni, kwezinye izingxenye ezinembayo ezinokuqina okubuthakathaka, njengesikulufu sokunemba, ukuze kuqedwe ingcindezi yangaphakathi ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula futhi kuzinziswe ukunemba kokucubungula kwezingxenye, ukwelapha okuguga okuningi kuvame ukuhlelwa phakathi komshini onzima kanye nokuqeda kancane.Kwezinye izingxenye ze-shaft, ukwelashwa kokuguga kufanele futhi kuhlelwe ngemva kwenqubo yokuqondisa.

3) Ukushisa nokushisa

ukucima nokushisa kubhekisela ekushiseni okuphezulu ngemva kokucisha.Ingathola isakhiwo se-sorbite esiyiyunifomu nesithambile, okuwukulungiselela ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka ngesikhathi sokucisha indawo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-nitriding.Ngakho-ke, ukucisha nokushisa kungasetshenziswa njengendlela yokwelapha ngaphambi kokushisa.

Ngenxa yezakhiwo ezingcono eziphelele zemishini yezingxenye zokucisha nokushisa, ingasetshenziswa futhi njengenqubo yokugcina yokwelapha ukushisa kwezinye izingxenye ezingadingi ubulukhuni obuphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka.

Inhloso yokwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini njengokuqina, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye namandla.Inqubo yayo yokwelapha ukushisa ihlanganisa ukucisha, ukungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing nokucisha, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-nitriding.

1) Ukushisa

Ukucisha kuhlukaniswe ukucisha okungaphezulu kanye nokucisha ngokuphelele.Phakathi kwazo, ukucisha ubuso kusetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa ye-deformation yayo encane, i-oxidation kanye ne-decarburization, kanye nokucinywa kwendawo nakho kunezinzuzo zamandla aphezulu angaphandle nokumelana okuhle kokugqoka, kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuqina okuhle kwangaphakathi kanye nokumelana nomthelela onamandla.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zemishini zezingxenye zokucisha izinto ezingaphezulu, ukwelashwa kokushisa okufana nokucisha kanye nokushisa noma ukujwayela ngokuvamile kuyadingeka njengokwelashwa kwangaphambili kokushisa.Umzila wayo ojwayelekile wenqubo uthi: ukuvala, ukubumba, ukujwayela, ukuthungatha, ukugawula, ukucisha nokushisa, ukuqeda kancane, ukucisha indawo, ukuqeda.

2) Ukushisa nokushisa

I-Carburizing kanye nokucisha ukukhulisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kongqimba olungaphezulu lwengxenye kuqala, futhi ngemuva kokucisha, ungqimba olungaphezulu luthola ubulukhuni obuphezulu, kuyilapho ingxenye ewumgogodla isagcina amandla athile kanye nokuqina okuphezulu kanye nepulasitiki.I-Carburizing ihlukaniswe yaba yi-carburizing jikelele kanye ne-carburizing ingxenye.Lapho kwenziwa ukungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing ngokwengxenye, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulwa ne-seepage ezingxenyeni ezingangcwabi.Njengoba ukungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing kanye nokucisha kudale ukuguqulwa okukhulu, futhi ukujula kwe-carburizing ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-0.5 no-2 mm, inqubo yokungcwaba ngokuvamile ihlelwa phakathi kokuqeda kancane nokuqeda.

Umzila wenqubo ngokuvamile uwukuthi: ukuvala, ukubumba, ukujwayela, ukukhanda kanzima, ukuqeda kancane, ukungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing kanye nokucisha, ukuqeda.Lapho ingxenye engeyona i-carburized yengxenye ye-carburizing kanye ne-quenching ithatha uhlelo lwenqubo lokususa ungqimba oluningi lwe-carburized ngemva kokwandisa umkhawulo, inqubo yokususa ungqimba oluningi lwe-carburized kufanele luhlelwe ngemuva kokungcwatshwa nokucinywa, ngaphambi kokucisha.

3) Ukwelashwa kwe-Nitriding

I-Nitriding inqubo yokungena kwama-athomu e-nitrogen endaweni yensimbi ukuze kutholwe ungqimba lwezinhlanganisela eziqukethe i-nitrogen.Isendlalelo se-nitriding singathuthukisa ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokugqoka, amandla okukhathala nokumelana nokugqwala kobuso bengxenye.Njengoba izinga lokushisa lokwelashwa kwe-nitriding liphansi, ukuwohloka kuncane, futhi ungqimba lwe-nitriding luncane, ngokuvamile alukho ngaphezu kuka-0.6 ~ 0.7mm, inqubo ye-nitriding kufanele ihlelwe sekwephuzile ngangokunokwenzeka.Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuwohloka ngesikhathi se-nitriding, ngokuvamile kuthatha ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze kukhululeke ingcindezi.

Ihlelwe nguMay Jiang evela ku-MAT Alumin